应激状态下胃黏膜损伤与胃排空及胃酸分泌的关系

目的研究胃黏膜损伤的确切原因和具体过程，为临床防治胃黏膜损伤、胃炎、胃溃疡及胃癌提供新的理论依据。方法以水浸-束缚应激（WRS）大鼠的方法，将144只Wistar大鼠随机分为9组，每组16只，A、B、C3组用放射性核素99m^Tc灌胃测定大鼠胃液相排空率；D、E、F3组采用手术清除胃内容物并幽门结扎测定胃酸分泌率；G、H、I3组为手术不清除胃内容物并幽门结扎，评估胃黏膜损伤溃疡指数（uI）；分析胃排空率、胃酸分泌和胃黏膜损伤之间的关系。结果随着WRS时间延长，大鼠胃排空速率明显下降，B组（WRS2h）和C组（WRS4h）的胃排空速率与A组（正常对照组）相比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；C组与B组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。大鼠胃酸分泌受到显著抑制，E组（WRS2h）和F组（WRS4h）的胃酸分泌率与D组（正常对照组）相比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；F组与E组比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。胃黏膜损伤随着应激时间的延长而加重，清除胃内容物可以有效防治应激引起的胃黏膜损伤，手术对本实验无明显影响。B、C组与A组的胃黏膜损伤UI比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；C组与B组比较，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；A、D、E、F、G组大鼠未出现胃黏膜损伤。H与E组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；I与F组比较，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；A、D、E、F、G组间比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。H组与B组之间和I组与c组之间比较。差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论WRS可导致胃排空障碍、胃酸分泌减少和胃黏膜损伤。

Empirical study in the relation of gastric mucosal lesion with gastric emptying and gastric acid secretion

OBJECTIVE: To study the precise cause and the specific procedure about gastric mucosal lesion in rats with water immersion-restraint stress(WRS). METHODS: One hundred and forty-four Wistar rats were divided into 9 groups randomly: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I group. There were 16 rats in each group. A, B and C groups underwent gastric emptying determination. Emptying rate of gastric fluid was determined with radiate nuclide (99m)Tc. D, E and F groups underwent gastric acid secretion determination after cleaning gastric contents and pylorus ligation. G, H and I groups underwent gastric acid secretion determination after pylorus ligation without cleaning gastric contents. Gastric mucosal lesion ulcer index(UI) was evaluated. The relationship between of gastric mucosal lesion and gastric emptying rate and gastric acid secretion were examined. RESULTS: Gastric emptying rate decreased obviously when the WRS time was prolonged. There were significant differences among B (WRS 2 h), C group (WRS 4 h) and A group (controlled group) (P<0.01). There was also significant difference between B and C group(P<0.01).The rats' gastric acid secretion was inhibited significantly. The differences among E (WRS 2 h), F (WRS 4 h) and D groups (controlled group) were significant(P<0.01). There was no significant difference between F and E groups(P>0.05). The gastric mucosal lesions were aggravated with time of stress. Gastric contents cleaning could effectively prevent gastric mucosal lesions originated by stress .The operation had no influence on this test. There were significant gastric mucosal lesion UI in B and C groups compared with A group(P<0.01). The difference between B and C group was significant (P<0.01).There were no gastric mucosal lesions in A, D, E, F and G groups. However, There was significant difference between I and F group (P<0.01). No significant difference were found among A, D, E, F and G groups (P>0.05). There were significant difference between H and B group and also between I and C group (P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: WRS can induce gastric emptying disturbance, reduce gastric acid secretion and cause gastric mucosal lesion. As a factor inducing gastric mucosal lesion, acid can damage gastric mucosa as long as it exists without necessary peracid. The prolongation of acid with gastric mucosa contact period and the decrease of gastric mucosa resistance are perhaps the major causes of gastric mucosal lesion. Besides anti-acid, giving facilitative gastric emptying drugs and gastric lavage during stress ulcer prevention and cure should be considered. Acid evacuation in time is also a major cure for gastritis and recurrent ulcer.