Mesh contraction: in vivo documentation of changes in apparent surface area utilizing meshes visible on magnetic resonance imaging in the rabbit abdominal wall model |
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Authors: | Masayuki Endo Andrew Feola Nikhil Sindhwani Stefano Manodoro Jarek Vlacil Alexander Carl Engels Filip Claus Jan A Deprest |
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Institution: | 1. Pelvic Floor Unit, A Programme of Gynaecology, Urology and Gastro-Enterology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium 2. Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Organ Systems, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 3. Interdepartmental Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 4. Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Abstract: | Introduction and hypothesis Our aim was to analyze the apparent contraction of meshes in vivo after abdominal wall reconstruction and evaluate histological and biomechanical properties after explantation. Methods Nine New Zealand female rabbits underwent repair of two full-thickness 25 × 30-mm midline defects in the upper and lower parts of the abdomen. These were primarily overlaid by 35 × 40-mm implants of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) DynaMesh (n?=?6) or polypropylene meshes Ultrapro (n?=?6) and Marlex (n?=?6). Edges of the meshes were secured with iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)-loaded PVDF sutures. Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were taken at days 2, 30 and 90 after implantation. The perimeter of the mesh was traced using a 3D spline curve. The apparent surface area or the area within the PVDF sutures was compared with the initial size using the one-sample t test. A two-way repeat analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the apparent surface area over time and between groups. Results PVDF meshes and sutures with Fe3O4 could be well visualized on MRI. DynaMesh and Marlex each had a 17 % decrease in apparent surface area by day 2 (p?<?0.001 and p?=?0.001), respectively, which persisted after day 90. Whereas there was a decrease in apparent surface area in Ultrapro, it did not reach significance until day 90 (p?=?0.01). Overall, the apparent surface area decreased 21 % in all meshes by day 90. No differences in histological or biomechanical properties were observed at day 90. Conclusions There was a reduction in the apparent surface area between implantation and day 2, indicating that most mesh deformation occurs prior to tissue in-growth. |
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