基于OCTA测量黄斑中心凹无血管区形态在眼部疾病中的应用研究进展

黄斑中心凹无血管区(FAZ)是视网膜上视觉最敏锐的区域，由视网膜黄斑区毛细血管丛相互连接而成，其形态可以间接反映黄斑区微循环的变化。光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)技术可以无创的可视化和量化FAZ区域，且具有较好的重复性和可靠性， OCTA展现出的巨大价值使其成为眼科及各个领域重要的辅助检查工具。在高度近视、糖尿病视网膜病变、青光眼等眼科疾病中，FAZ的面积及周长已被证实具有临床诊断价值，近年来FAZ的几何形态也展现出一定的临床意义，圆度指数、非圆指数、轴比等描述FAZ几何形态的参数为疾病研究提供了新视角。全方面研究FAZ区域的形态特征有助于探索眼部疾病发生和发展机制，或可预测疾病的早期变化及精确病理分期，为监测疾病进展及评估患者的视觉预后提供理论依据。

Research progress on morphology of macular foveal avascular zone in ocular diseases based on optical coherence tomography angiography measurement

The foveal avascular zone(FAZ)is the most sensitive region of the retina, which is interconnected by the macular capillary plexus. Its morphology can indirectly reflect the alterations of macular microcirculation. With strong repeatability and reliability, optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)can non-invasively visualize and quantify the FAZ. The great value of OCTA makes it an important supplemental examination tool in ophthalmology and other professions. The area and perimeter of FAZ have been demonstrated to be an effective clinical diagnostic indicator in high myopia, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and other ocular diseases. In recent years, the geometry of FAZ has also proven to have clinical value. The parameters describing the geometry of FAZ, such as circularity index, acircularity index and axial ratio, provide a new perspective for ocular disease research. The comprehensive investigation of the morphological characteristics of the FAZ is helpful to explore the pathological mechanism of the occurrence and development of ocular diseases, predict preclinical changes, make pathological stages of the disease precise, and provide a theoretical basis for monitoring the disease''s progression and assessing patients'' visual prognosis.