山东省聊城市婴幼儿食品、生物样品和环境标本中梭状芽孢杆菌的分离培养和鉴定

目的了解山东省聊城市0 ~ 1岁婴幼儿食品、生物样品及环境中梭状芽孢杆菌的污染水平，并对采集到的标本进行鉴定，为食品卫生监督管理部门采取相应措施减少梭状芽孢杆菌的污染提供相关依据。方法对采集的257份标本进行厌氧和微需氧培养，根据分离菌株的生长特性、革兰染色、普通显微镜下形态特征等表现特征，用16S rRNA基因克隆测序的方法对分离菌株进行鉴定。结果257份标本中检出梭状芽孢杆菌97株，检出率为37.74%，主要包括双酶梭菌38株、第三梭菌14株、生孢梭菌12株、酪酸梭菌11株、污泥梭菌9株。 97株梭状芽孢杆菌的标本分离自粪便50株、土壤28株、奶粉6株、配奶桌6株、乳头3株、配奶水2株、配奶人员手部2株。结论聊城市0 ~ 1岁婴幼儿食品、生物样品及环境中梭状芽孢杆菌的携带率高，其中双酶梭菌的检出率最高，其次为第三梭菌、生孢梭菌和酪酸梭菌。

Isolation,culture and identification of Clostridium in infant and young child food,biological samples and environmental samples

ObjectivesTo understand the Clostridium carriage levels of infant and young child food, biological samples and environment in Liaocheng, identify the collected samples with different methods and provide evidence for food hygiene supervision departments to take effective measures to reduce Clostridium contamination.MethodsA total of 257 samples were used for anaerobic and micro aerobic cultures. Then the characteristics of growth, gram staining and morphological features of the isolates under ordinary microscope were analyzed. At last the isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene cloning method.ResultsA total of 97 strains of Clostridium were detected in 257 samples, the detection rate was 37.74%, including 38 strains of Clostridium bifermentans, 14 strains of Clostridium tertium, 12 strains of Clostridium sporogenes, 11 strains of Clostridium butyricum, 9 strains of Clostridium sordellii. The sources of 97 Clostridium strains were as follows: stool samples (50 strains), soil samples (28 strains), milk powder samples (6 strains), swabs of surface of table (6 strains), nipple (3 strains), water used for milk powder (2 strains), swabs of hands of milkmen (2 strains).ConclusionThe carriage rate of Clostridium in infant and young child food, biological samples and environment was very high in Laiocheng. The detection rate of C. bifermentans was highest, followed by C. tertium, C. sporogenes and C. butyricum.