经直肠超声分度诊断前列腺增生症的研究

目的　探讨前列腺增生症的分度方法。方法　对３２０例前列腺增生患者进行直肠指诊、经腹及经直肠超声检查尿流率及残余尿测定。结果　①直肠指诊与超声测量前列腺体积相似，无显著性差异（Ｐ＝ ０．９９１）；②前列腺体积大小与尿路梗阻程度不一致（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）， 而与增生结节压迫尿道的部位与程度有关； ③经直肠超声分度以前列腺内腺的大小、内外腺的比例、尿道内口的位置及排尿期声像图为指标， 其结果与尿路梗阻程度及临床表现一致（Ｐ＝ ０．８４８，０．９９６，０．５９２１）。结论　经直肠超声分度不仅是诊断前列腺增生症的可靠方法， 而且为选择治疗方法提供了客观依据。

A study of transrectal ultrasonographic graduation for the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Objective To study the methods of graduation of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods Transrectal digital palpation,transabdominal and transrectal ultrasonography,uroflowmetry and measuring residual urine volume were carried out for 320 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Results ①The measuring prostatic volume by means of transrectal digital palpation and ultrasound was similar.There was no significant difference between the groups(P=0.991).②The obstructive degree of the urethra was not consistent with the prostatic volume(P<0.01),it was closely related to the degree and site of hypertrophy node.③Measurement of size of prostatic internal gland,proportion between internal and external gland,site of internal ostium of urethra and sonography during urination were carried out by transrectal ultrasonography.The results were similar with obstruction pressure of the urethra and clinical manifestation(P=0.848, 0.966,0.592).Conclusions The transrectal ultrasonography graduation is not only a reliable method for diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia,but also can guide the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.