新生儿肺透明膜病的超声诊断

目的评价新生儿肺透明膜病（ＨＭＤ）的声像图特征。方法对临床怀疑为ＨＭＤ２２例早产儿和４０例正常足月新生儿的肺部进行超声检查，并分别与临床资料和Ｘ线胸片做比较。结果２２例早产儿中，１７例超声检查显示在肝脾后有弥漫的高强回声。所有病例经Ｘ线胸片或尸检证实为严重的ＨＭＤ；３例在肝脾后呈放射状强回声，Ｘ线胸片提示为轻型的ＨＭＤ；２例缺少这种典型的强回声，Ｘ线诊断为正常肺。而４０例正常新生儿，有３４例在肝脾后未见任何回声，Ｘ线胸片提示心肺正常；６例显示在肝脾后可见稀疏的中等回声，Ｘ线胸片提示湿肺。结论超声检查可做为诊断ＨＭＤ的一种新方法，它具有实用、简便、无创伤并可重复检查的优点

Ultrasonic diagnosis of neonatal hyaline membrane disease

Objective To investigate sonographic features of neonatal hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Methods 22 premature newborns suspected HMD and 40 normal term babies were examined by ultrasound. The results were compared with clinical date and chest X ray examination. Results 17 of 22 premature newborns were present retrohepatic retrosplenic hyperechogenicity. All of them were finally diagnosed as serious HMD by X ray or autopsy. In other 3 cases, ultrasound revealed retrohepatic and retrosplenic radiating hyperechogenicity, the X ray showed mild HMD. The sonographic specific pattern was absent in remained 2 csaes, the chest X ray was normal. 40 normal term newborns were examined as control. In 34 cases, there were no retrohepatic hyperechogenicity and the X ray showed normal. In other 6 cases the sonographic pattern was discrete linear echoes, and X ray showed wet lung. Conclusions The study indicates that ultrasound is a new method for diagnosing HMD, it is practical, convenient, repeatable and noninvasive.