| Abstract: | This study was carried out to determine the effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). The current randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted among 57 patients with grade 3 DFU. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to take either 250 mg magnesium oxide plus 400 IU vitamin E (n = 29) or placebo per day (n = 28) for 12 weeks. Compared with the placebo, taking magnesium plus vitamin E supplements reduced ulcer length (β [difference in the mean of outcomes measures between treatment groups] ?0.56 cm; 95% CI, ?0.92, ?0.20; p = 0.003), width (β ?0.35 cm; 95% CI, ?0.64, ?0.05; p = 0.02) and depth (β ?0.18 cm; 95% CI, ?0.33, ?0.02; p = 0.02). In addition, co‐supplementation led to a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (β ?13.41 mg/dL; 95% CI, ?20.96, ?5.86; p = 0.001), insulin (β ?1.45 μIU/ml; 95% CI, ?2.37, ?0.52; p = 0.003), insulin resistance (β ?0.60; 95% CI, ?0.99, ?0.20; p = 0.003) and HbA1c (β ?0.32%; 95% CI, ?0.48, ?0.16; p < 0.003), and a significant elevation in insulin sensitivity (β 0.007; 95% CI, 0.003, 0.01; p < 0.001) compared with the placebo. Additionally, compared with the placebo, taking magnesium plus vitamin E supplements decreased triglycerides (β ?10.08 mg/dL; 95% CI, ?19.70, ?0.46; p = 0.04), LDL‐cholesterol (β ?5.88 mg/dL; 95% CI, ?11.42, ?0.34; p = 0.03), high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) (β ?3.42 mg/L; 95% CI, ?4.44, ?2.41; p < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (β ?0.30 μmol/L; 95% CI, ?0.45, ?0.15; p < 0.001), and increased HDL‐cholesterol (β 2.62 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.60, 4.63; p = 0.01) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (β 53.61 mmol/L; 95% CI, 4.65, 102.57; p = 0.03). Overall, magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation for 12 weeks to patients with DFU had beneficial effects on ulcer size, glycemic control, triglycerides, LDL‐ and HDL‐cholesterol, hs‐CRP, TAC, and MDA levels. |
