基于关联规则对缺血性脑卒中住院患者联合用药分析*

目的：了解缺血性脑卒中患者的一般基础情况、合并疾病及临床药物联合使用特征。方法：运用回顾性分析法，对医院信息系统数据库中部分缺血性脑卒中住院患者病历进行分析。采用频数分析法对患者的基本信息进行描述性统计，运用关联规则分析方法统计常用药物二联、三联等使用情况。结果：缺血性脑卒中患者多为老年人，男性较多，常合并高血压、冠心病和糖尿病等疾病。该类患者临床用药中，硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿托伐他汀钙使用最多；使用阿托伐他汀钙和前列地尔的患者中，同时使用硫酸氢氯吡格雷最多。在使用抗心绞痛药的患者中，使用抗血小板药的概率最高；在同时使用抗心绞痛药和调血脂药的患者中，使用抗血小板药的概率最高。结论：在缺血性脑卒中患者临床治疗中，抗血小板药、降血压药、调血脂药、活血化瘀药和血管扩张药常一起联合使用，如阿司匹林、瑞舒伐他汀钙、硫酸氢氯吡格雷、前列地尔和美托洛尔最可能合并使用。

Analysis of Combined Medications for Inpatients with Ischemic Strokes Based on the Association Rule Method*

Objective: To understand the general conditions, combined diseases and clinical drug use characteristics of patients with ischemic strokes. Methods: The retrospective analysis was used to analyze the medical records of inpatients with ischemic strokes in the hospital information system database. The frequency information analysis method was used to describe the basic information of patients, the associated rule analysis method was used to count the combination of two and three common drugs. Results: The patients with ischemic strokes were mostly elderly and males, and complicated with diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes. In the clinical medicine of these patients, clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate and atorvastatin calcium were mostly used together. Among the patients who used atorvastatin calcium and alprostadil, clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate was the most commonly combined. Among the patients using anti-angina drugs, the probability of using antiplatelet drugs was the highest. Among the patients who used both anti-angina drugs and lipid-lowering drugs, the antiplatelet drugs were most likely used. Conclusions: In the clinical treatment of patients with ischemic strokes, antiplatelet drugs, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, blood stasis drugs and vasodilators were often used together, among which aspirin, rosuvastatin calcium, clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate, alprostadil and metoprolol were most likely combined.