药物基因组学在临床药物治疗中的应用

经验性的药物治疗模式忽略了患者的个体差异，不能最大程度地发挥药物的疗效、规避毒副作用，导致各种不合理用药现象严重。近年来发展的药物基因组学通过关联患者个体的遗传物质与药物的药动学、药效学特性，可以帮助医师、药师预测药物疗效、估算药物剂量、调整给药方案以及预防药物不良反应发生，指导个体化合理用药。本文综述了药物基因组学在临床应用中的最新进展和突出问题，为其临床合理应用与推广提供借鉴。

Application of Pharmacogenomics in Clinical Medication

In the past, the empirical drug treatment model neglected the individual differences of patients and could not maximize the efficacy of medicines and reduce adverse effects, resulting in non rational use of medicines. The pharmacogenomics developed in recent years can help clinician and pharmacists predict drug efficacy, estimate drug dosage, adjust dosage regimen and prevent adverse reactions by correlating the genetic material of patients. This paper reviews recent advances and problems of pharmacogenomics in clinical applications and provides references for its rational application and promotion.