青少年性心理及性知识的横断面调查

背景中国处于青春期年龄的男女青少年占总人口的1/5,他们对性问题有许多心理困惑、烦恼甚至疾病.目的研究青少年学生的性生理、性心理、性知识、性教育等方面发展的现状以及规律.设计以中小学生为研究对象的横断面调查研究.单位一所市级医院青春期门诊.对象以2001-11/12大连市3所中学920名年龄14～19岁的学生为研究对象.方法参考初、高中学生性心理教育状况调查表,自行编制调查问卷,随机抽取班级,个人采取自愿的原则进行匿名问卷调查.主要观察指标①月经初潮及首次遗精年龄.②男女学生对与性有关的提问回答情况及差异.结果青少年学生性生理表现为女生月经初潮平均年龄为12.96岁,男生首次遗经平均年龄为13.89岁,与国内的类似研究结果相一致.学生手淫和性冲动的发生及频率男生显著高于女生.青少年男女生在性观念和性知识了解方面表现为显著性差异.与异性交往的意愿远远高于实际发生率.结论青少年对性知识了解不尽人意.学生对学校性教育也不是十分满意,应结合社会力量加强学校对青少年学生的教育.

Cross-sectional survey of adolescent sexual psychology and knowledge

BACKGROUND: The population of male and female adolescents in China accounts for 1/5. Adolescents have much psychological bewilderment,troublesome and even diseases on sexual issues.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development status quo and the regulation of adolescents' sexual physiology, sexual psychology, sexual knowledge and sexual education.DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey by employing students of junior high school as subjects.SETTING: A clinic for adolescent of a tertiary hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 960 students aged between 14 and 19 years old of three junior high schools in Dalian city were selected as subjects between November and December of 2001.METHODS: Self-complied questionnaire was used in the survey based on the sexual psychological education situation scale for junior and senior high school students. Classes were randomly selected for anonymous survey based on voluntary principle.Answers to sex-related questions and differences between male and female students.RESULTS: The average age of menarche in female students was 12.96years old and the average age of first emission in male students was 13.89years old, which were consistent with the results of similar national researches. The incidence and frequency of masturbation and sexual impulse was significantly higher in males than females. There were significant differences in sexual concept and the understanding of sexual knowledge between males and females. The desire to affiliate with the opposite sex was far more than the real occurrence.CONCLUSION: The understanding of sexual knowledge in adolescent is not satisfied. Students are also not satisfied with the sexual education provided by their schools. Hence, school sexual education for adolescents should be enhanced with the involvement of community.