An investigation of the late excitatory potential in the hand following magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Medical Lab Technology, University of Haripur, Hattar Road, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620, Pakistan;2. School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan;3. Business & Professional Studies, Engineering and Applied Science, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road N., Mississauga ON L5L 1C6, Canada;4. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Almajmaah 11952, Saudia Arabia;2. REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium;3. Pain in Motion International Research Group;4. Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;1. SNM-Natural History Museum, Vajanského náb. 2, P.O. BOX 13, 810 06 Bratislava, Slovakia;2. Hana Majerová, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Tumor Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia;3. Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Economic Geology, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;1. Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Room #1324, Miami, FL 33136, USA;2. New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA;3. The Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA;4. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA;5. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;6. Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada;7. NS — Institute de Neurosciences des Systemes, UMR INSERM 1106, Aix-Marseille Université, Equipe Physionet, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France;8. Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;9. Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Halifax Infirmary, Halifax B3H4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada;10. Departments of Psychology and Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be''er Sheva, Israel;11. Centre for Mental Health, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Canada;12. Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be''er Sheva, Israel;13. Departments of Medical Neuroscience and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada;14. Brain Repair Center, Life Science Research Institute, Dalhousie University, Room 229, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H4R2, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex gives rise to a motor evoked potential (MEP) followed by a silent period (SP) during which a late excitatory potential (LEP) may occur in the surface EMG. To elucidate the mechanism of the LEP we investigated the effect of muscle contraction, stimulus intensity and stimulation site on the LEP recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle. The amplitude of the LEP increased with increasing levels of muscle contraction and decreased with increasing stimulus intensity. There was no direct relationship between the amplitude of the LEP and the MEP, but there was an inverse relationship between LEP amplitude and SP duration. The latency of the LEP was unaffected by the level of muscle contraction, but increased with increasing stimulus intensity. Topographic mapping with stimulation at multiple scalp sites yielded a LEP at sites partially encircling but not including the centre of the APB motor area. These results are consistent with the LEP being due to reflex alpha motoneurone firing as a result of gamma motoneurone activation or with a period of disinhibition at cortical level allowing breakthrough of voluntary activity. |
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