眶上裂区及其穿经结构的薄层冠状断层解剖学

目的：探讨眶上裂区及其穿经结构的薄层冠状断层解剖,为临床眶上裂区疾病的影像诊断提供形态学依据。方法：采用火棉胶切片技术对5例(10侧)成人眶上裂区标本进行连续薄层冠状断层解剖学观察。结果：眶上裂被Zinn腱环分为外侧区、中央区和内侧区,内有第Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ_1、Ⅵ对脑神经及其分支和眼上静脉通过,未见眼下静脉。视神经由颅内的横椭圆形逐渐变为眶内的圆形；眼动脉在视神经管颅口、中部和眶口处分别位于视神经的内下方、正下方和外下方。结论：冠状断层对于眶上裂区及其穿经结构显示效果良好,应作为该区影像诊断的基本层面。火棉胶包埋结合滑动式切片机薄层连续切片技术是研究眶上裂区断层解剖学的一种简便适用、定位准确的方法。

Sheet frontal sectional anatomy of superior orbital fissure region and its passing structures

Objective:To provide detailed morphological basis for clinical imaging diagnosis by studying sheet frontal sectional anatomy of the superior orbital fissure region and the structures passing the region.Methods: The serial sheet frontal sections of the superior orbital fissure region were obtained by collodion microtomy in 5 a- dult cadaver heads and were observed.Results:Superior orbital fissure,where the oculomotor,trochlear,oph- thalmic and abducent nerve and their branches and superior ophthalmic vein went through,was divided into later- al,central and inferior area by the anulus of Zinn.The inferior ophthalmic vein was not found.The sectional shape of optic nerve was in a shape of transverse ellipse within the cranial cavity and rotundity within the orbital cavity.Ophthalmic artery was to the inferomedial of optic nerve in the cranial orifice of optic canal,and to the in- ferolateral in the orbital orifice of optic canal.Conclusion:The frontal plane well demonstrates the superior orbit- al fissure region and its passing structures,so it may be used as the basic plane in the clinic imaging diagnosis of the region.Serial sheet section combined with embedding in collodion is simple and accurate.So it could be ap- plied to study the sectional anatomy of superior orbital fissure region.