新生儿败血症的细菌分布与药敏分析

目的探讨我院2007年1月-2010年10月新生儿败血症的细菌分布和敏感性特征。方法回顾分析我院新生儿败血症的临床资料。结果血培养阳性率为6.8%（159/2338）,159例住院的新生儿败血症以革兰阳性球菌为主,占55.3%（88/159）,主要为表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌、木糖葡萄球菌4种;革兰阴性杆菌占25.2%（40/159）,主要为肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌两种,药物敏感性结果葡萄球菌敏感度较好的抗生素为奎宁始霉素/达福普汀、呋喃妥因、呋西地酸、替考拉宁、米诺环素、万古霉素,阴性杆菌敏感较好的抗生素为是亚胺培南、美洛培南和环丙沙星,酶抑制剂的复合物和头孢西丁为中度敏感。结论熟悉本地区细菌分布特点以及细菌的敏感性特征,合理选用抗生素对于新生儿败血症的治疗以及防止细菌耐药有重要意义。

Distribution and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of aerobic isolates from blood cultures of neonates

Objective To evaluate bacterial distribution and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of neonatal sepsis in our hospital from 2007 to 2010.Methods Clinical data of neonatal septicemia in our hospital within 3 years were analyzed.Results The positivity of blood culture was 6.8%（159/2338）,One hundred fifty-nine cases of hospitalized neonatal septicemia were mainly caused by gram-positive COCCi accounting for 55.3%（88/159）,Staphylococcus epidermidis、staphylococcus aureus、Staphylococcus haemolyticus、Staphylococcus xylosus are mainly pathogenic bacterium.Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 25.2%（40/159）,Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli are remainly pathogenic.Antibiotics sensitive to Staphylococcus are quinupristin,dalfopristin,nitrofurantoin,teicoplanin,minocycline and vancomycin.Antibiotics sensitive to gram-negative bacilli are imipenem,meropenem,ciprofloxacin,Enzyme-Inhibitor complexes,cefoxitin.Conclusion In order to reduce newborn bloodstream infection,perinatal health care and nosocomial infection surveillance should be strengthened.Familiar with the characteristics of the distribution of bacteria and bacterial sensitivity characteristics,reasonable use of antibiotics for the treatment of neonatal sepsis and the prevention of bacterial resistance are important.