医患双方对医患关系认知评价的调查研究

目的了解医患双方对医患关系的认知评价现状，分析医患关系的影响因素，为改善医患关系提供思路。方法采取方便抽样法选取3所三级甲等医院261名医生和758名患者/家属为调研对象，利用PDRQ量表和大五人格量表进行调查，使用EpiData 3.0和SPSS 21.0软件对所获数据进行统计分析。结果医患双方对医患关系评价的认知差异均具有统计学意义（P <0.001）。不同年龄、受教育程度、科室和从业年限的医生对医患关系的评价得分具有统计学差异（P<0.05）；不同年龄、受教育程度和看病方式的患者/家属对医患关系的评价得分具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。患者/家属客观行为及满意度分别对医患评价有较大影响。人格特质中的利他性、适应性以及社交性与医患关系评价得分均呈正相关。结论医患双方对医患关系的认知评价存在一定差异。改善患者/家属行为及感受，提高其满意度，重视医患双方人格特质和心理变化，有助于构建良好医患关系。

Investigation on Cognitive Differences between Physicians and Patients in the Evaluation of Doctor-Patient Relationship

Objective To investigate the status quo of physicians and patients'evaluation of doctor-patient relationship,analyze the influencing factors of doctor-patient relationship,and provide targeted suggestions for improving doctor-patient relationship.Methods 261 doctors and 758 patients from 3 Third Grade Class A hospitals were randomly selected,and they were simultaneously investigated using the Big-Five Personality Scale and the PDRQ Scale,and the EpiDATA 3.0 and SPSS 21.0 software were used for statistical analysisi.Results The cognitive differences between doctors and patients in the assessment of the doctor-patient relationship were statistically significant(P<0.001).There were statistically significant differences in the evaluation scores of the doctor-patient relationship among medical personnel of different ages,education levels,departments and years of service(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of patients/family members with different age,education level and medical treatment style on the doctor-patient relationship(P<0.05).The objective behavior and satisfaction of patients/family members had a great influence on doctor-patient evaluation.The altruistic,adaptive and social personality traits in personality traits were positively correlated with the score of doctor-patient relationship.Conclusion There was a certain difference between doctors and patients on cognitive evaluation of the doctor-patient relationship.To improve the behavior and feelings of patients/family members,improve their satisfaction,pay attention to the personality traits and psychological changes of both doctors and patients,is conducive to the construction of a good doctor-patient relationship.