针刺补泻效应的影响因素探析

目的探析针刺补泻效应的影响因素,阐述补泻手法、机体状态和穴位特性对针刺补泻效应的不同影响。方法结合针刺补泻的研究进展,分别以补泻手法、机体状态及穴位特性为切入点进行探讨。结果以补泻手法为切入点发现,补法可促进机体亢进,泻法则可抑制机体亢进,补泻效应与补泻手法之间可形成明确的正相关性;机体状态对补泻效应的影响,体现于机体状态处于低下时,无论补泻均可使机体状态亢奋,而机体处于状态亢奋时,无论补泻均可使机体状态低下,补泻效应的产生在一定情况下依赖于机体状态的自我调衡;穴位特性对靶器官补泻效应的影响,体现于穴位自身的生理特性决定了穴位对靶器官的效应方向,同时穴位对靶器官的特定调控作用是其效应表达的重要基础之一。结论针刺补泻效应与补泻手法、机体状态及穴位特性三方面皆有关系,针灸时需把握患者机体状态,辨明病证虚实,熟悉腧穴特性,施以正确的补泻手法,才能将补泻效应发挥更佳。

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Reinforcing and Reducing Effect of Acupuncture

Objective:To study the effects of reinforcing and reducing manipulation of acupuncture as well as its effects on different body state of the patients and acupoint characteristics.Methods:Based on the research progress of reinforcing and reducing of acupuncture,this paper discusses the reinforcing-reducing manipulations,body states and acupoint characteristics respectively.Result:①Reinforcing technique causes stimulation while reducing technique causes inhibition.which indicates a direct relationship between reinforcing-reducing manipulation techniques with acupuncture effects.②Studies have shown that both reinforcing and reducing techniques cause stimulation in organisms with deficient or low body state while both techniques can lead to inhibition in organisms with stimulated state.And the effects of reinforcing and reducing depend on the homeostasis of body state.③Each acupoint has its own physiological characteristics which determine the direction of its energy flow and lead to a particular effect of acupuncture.The relationships between acupoints and internal organs are considered to be the basis of acupoint specificity of reinforcing and reducing manipulation.Conclusion:The effects of reinforcing and reducing of acupuncture are related to acupuncture manipulations,body states and acupoint characteristics.In clinical practice,we need to distinguish the deficiency and excess of syndrome,be familiar with the characteristics of acupoints,and apply correct reinforcing and reducing manipulation to achieve the optimal effect of reinforcing and reducing.