青年乳腺癌的临床特点和预后分析

目的探讨青年乳腺癌患者的临床特点、外科治疗方法和影响预后的因素。方法回顾性分析2002年至2009年大连医科大学第二附属医院收治的140例青年乳腺癌和326例中老年乳腺癌的临床资料。结果2组在肿瘤大小及病理类型分布上差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。青年组腋窝淋巴结的转移率明显高于中老年组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。手术主要采取改良根治术和保乳手术；青年组晚期（Ⅲ、Ⅳ期）病例数比例较中老年组高；青年组ER、PR阳性率低，而HER-2阳性率高，与中老年组相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论青年乳腺癌具有临床分期晚，淋巴结转移率高，激素受体阳性率低、HER-2阳性率高，复发转移率高，预后差等特点；本病的治疗原则是以手术为主的综合疗法。

Characteristics and prognostic analysis of breast cancer in young women

Objective To investigate the clinical features, surgical treatment and prognosis of female breast cancer patients under 35 years. Methods The clinical data of 140 cases of female breast cancer patients in the young group （ ≤ 35 years ） and 326 cases of female breast cancer patients in the control group （ 45 - 59 years） undergoing surgical treatment from 2002 to 2009 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All the data were analyzed with the statistical software of SPSS13.0. Results The difference between the 2 groups had no statistical significance in tumor size or pathologic types （P 〉 0. 05 ）. The axillary lymph node metastasis rate was obviously higher in the young group than in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Modified radical mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery were mainly performed. The proportion of patients in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the young group was higher than that in the control group. The positive rate of ER and PR was lower while the positive rate of HER-2 was higher in the young group than those in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Breast cancer in young women has the features of high clinical stage, high lymph node metastasis rate, low positive rate of ER and PR, high positive rate of HER-2, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. The treatment principle of the disease is comprehensive therapies mainly based on surgical treatment.