50例胎盘早剥发生原因、诊断方法及临床护理措施分析

目的：总结分析胎盘早剥发生的原因，探讨其诊断方法以及临床处理措施。方法：收集我院近5年来收治的50例胎盘早剥患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，统计其发生原因、诊断方法及临床处理措施。结果：胎盘早剥发生原因包括妊娠高血压疾病、胎膜早破、外伤、多胎妊娠、前置胎盘、脐带因素等，其中妊娠高血压疾病最为常见，出现25例，占50％。胎盘早剥的主要临床表现为腹痛、阴道流血、胎心异常；其中I度胎盘早剥产妇多表现为阴道流血，占47．62％；Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度胎盘早剥产妇多表现为腹痛（93．10％）、胎心异常（86．21％）、阴道流血（62．07％）。产前B超提示胎盘早剥者检出率为46％。结论：胎盘早剥发生原因复杂，应根据产妇临床表现联合B超检查早期诊断，早期采取处理措施。

Causes,diagnosis and clinical nursing for 50 patients with placental abruption

Objectives： To summarize the causes, suitable diagnostic methods and clinical treatments for placental abrup tion. Method： Clinical records of 50 patients with placental abruption who were admitted into our hospital in the recent 5 years were reviewed. The causes, diagnosis and clinical nursing of these cases were analyzed. Results： The pathogenesis of placental abruption included pregnancy induced hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, trauma, multiple pregnancy, placenta praevia and umbilical cord factors, among which pregnancy induced hypertension was the primary cause. The main clinical man ifestations included abdomen pain, vaginal hemorrhage and abnormal fetal heart. For level I placental abruption, vaginal hemor rhage （47.62%） was the primary symptom; for level II and patients, abdomen pain （93. 10%）, abnormal fetal heart （86. 21% ）, vaginal hemorrhage （62. 07% ） are the main manifestations. The detection rate of ultrasonography was 46%. Conclusion： The pathogenesis of placental abruption is complicated, hence early detection based on ultrasonography and pa tients＇ symptoms and early intervention for patients are of great significance.