Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk From Visceral Abdominal Adiposity in Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Medical Service, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA;2. Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA;3. Departments of Medicine and Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount, Sinai, New York, NY, USA;4. Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ;5. Departments of Medical Sciences and Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, USA;6. Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, NJ;7. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ;8. School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN;9. Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;1. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada;2. University of Hawaii Cancer Centre, Honolulu, USA;1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea;2. Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea;3. SEJONG BIOMED CO., LTD., Paju 10880, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;1. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;2. Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;3. Section of specialized endocrinology, Oslo University hospital, Oslo, Norway |
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| Abstract: | Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have increased adiposity that may predispose to cardiovascular disease compared to those who are able-bodied (AB). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and biomarkers of lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in persons with chronic SCI. A prospective observational study in participants with chronic SCI and age- and gender-matched AB controls. The study was conducted at a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Private Rehabilitation Hospital. The quantification of DXA-derived VAT volume (VATvol) and blood-derived markers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined in 100 SCI and 51 AB men. The VATvol was acquired from a total body DXA scan and analyzed using iDXA enCore CoreScan software (GE Lunar). Blood samples were collected for the serum lipid profile and plasma and glucose concentrations, with the latter two values used to calculate a measure of insulin resistance. In the SCI and AB groups, VAT% was significantly correlated with most cardiometabolic biomarkers. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who had a VATvol above the cutoff value of 1630 cm3 were 3.1-, 4.8-, 5.6-, 19.2-, and 16.7-times more likely to have high serum triglycerides (R2N= 0.09, p = 0.014), low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (R2N = 0.16, p < 0.001), HOMA2-IR (R2N = 0.18, p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (R2N = 0.25, p < 0.001), and a 10-yr Framingham Risk Score ≥ 10% (R2N = 0.16, p = 0.001), respectively, when compared to participants below this VATvol cutoff value. Our findings reveal that persons with chronic SCI have a higher VATvol than that of AB controls, and VATvol correlates directly with biomarkers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism that are strong predictors of cardiometabolic disorders. |
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