实验性脊柱侧弯脊柱结构变化的观察

脊柱侧弯被定义为脊柱相对正常中心线明显地弯曲伴椎体异常旋转。它在冠状面上出现不对称弯曲，在横断面上有异常旋转。所以一个合格的脊柱侧弯动物模型应具有人脊柱侧弯的特征性变化，并且简单易行，有可重复性。我们是通过单纯于兔肩胛骨与同侧股骨大转子间连以钢丝，使脊柱发育成侧弯且进行性加重椎体旋转，出现三维结构变化但不直接损伤脊柱，３组幼兔固定后３、４、５个月分别用过量异戊巴比妥钠予以处死，观察脊柱结构变化：顶椎出现楔形变并旋转；骨盆倾斜；椎间盘髓核移向凸侧；凹侧椎体生长骺板变薄，柱状增殖细胞层变得紊乱；凸侧椎板变宽而短，对侧窄而长。横断面上顶椎前后径在凹侧增宽，骨小梁密集。实验结果表明凹侧椎体生长骺板受到超高的压力而凸侧骺板受力相对小。因此凹侧骺板由于逐渐增加的超高力的作用从而使纵行生长受到抑制，椎体楔形变，脊柱侧弯进行性加重。

StructralChangesoftheSpinalColumninExperimentalScoliosis

Scoliosisisdefinedasanappreciablelateraldeviationinthenormalystraightverticalspinalcolumnandabnormalverticalaxialrotationinthecoronalplane.Thespineisasymmetricalybendedandinthetransverseplane,thevertebraewereabnomalyrotated.Therebyagoodscoliosticmodelshouldhavethecharacteristicfeaturesofhumanscoliosis,Theauthorsproducedamodelofscol-iosisbypurelyposterolateralmechanicaltetheringofthespinewithastainlesssteelwireconnectedfromthescapulatotheipsilateralgreattrochanterofthefemurwithoutproducingdirecttraumatothespinalcolumn.Duringthegrowingperiod,progressiveleftlateralcurvatureswereproducedinthethreegroupsofrabbits.TheanimalsweresacrifecedwithanoverdoseofIVsodiumpentohaleforvariousas-saysat3,4and5monthsaftertethering.applicationinthislaboratory.Theapitalvertebraeweredis-sectedourformorphologicalandhistologicalstudies.Characteristicchangesofhumanscoliosisincludingrotationoftheapitalvertebrae,pelvicasymmetry,anddisplacementofthenucleuspulposus,thinningofthelayerofepiphysisontheconcavesideanddisarrangementofthespinalcolumnproliferationwerenoted.Thelaminawaswiderandshorterontheconvexside,Inthetransverseplane,anteroposteriordistanceoftheapicalvertebraeontheconcavesidewerewiderthanthatontheconvexside.Theresultsofthisexperimentalobservationindicatedthatontheconcavesideofthecurve,theepiphysealplateswereunderabnormalyhighpressurewhereasontheconvexsideofthecurvethepressureswasofasmalerdegree.Apparently,increasedpressureacrossanepiphysealplateinhibitedgrowth,resultinginwedgingoftheapicalvertebraeandprogressofthescoliosisdeformity.