中国五地区饮酒情况及相关问题调查Ⅱ.饮酒者健康状况调查

目的：了解我国社区普通人群饮酒者的健康状况和饮酒相关疾病的患病率，探讨饮酒与健康的关系。方法：应用定式检查问卷，调查我国五地区24992例受试者过去一年中饮酒、总体健康状况(自评)和饮酒相关疾病的患病情况。结果：97％的饮酒者和92．2％的非饮酒者认为自己的健康状况较好，3．0％的饮酒者和7．8％的非饮酒者认为较差。总体健康状况的逐步多因素回归分析结果表明是否饮酒和饮酒年限是影响健康的重要因素。饮酒相关疾病的单因素分析结果显示饮酒者胃炎或胃溃疡、偏头痛、腰背痛和失眠的患病率高于非饮酒者，心脏病、脑梗塞或脑出血、听力或视力障碍和糖尿病的患病率低于非饮酒者。分层控制年饮酒量后，胃炎、胃溃疡和失眠的患病率随年饮酒量增加而增加，二者呈非线性相关，非饮酒者和重度饮酒者心脑血管疾病的患病率高于轻中度饮酒者，患病率与饮酒量呈“V”字型关系，但趋势检验结果未表明二者直接相关。结论：我国社区普通人群中，是否饮酒及饮酒者的饮酒时间长短是饮酒健康的重要因素，饮酒能够增加消化道疾病和失眠的发病率，轻中度饮酒则对心脑血管疾病的发生具有保护作用。调查者的健康状况可能是各因素综合作用的结果。

Alcohol Patterns, Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Problems in Five Areas in China: 2. Health Status of Drinkers

Objective: To investigate the health status and the prevalence rate of physical and mental diseases related to alcohol use in community residents, and to explore the relationship between alcohol consumption and certain diseases Method:An epidemiological survey was performed in 24992 community residents Data on drinking and alcohol consumption, and self-rated health status and the records of physical and mental health in one year before the interview was collected by method of a semi-structure questionnaire provided by WHO Result:97% of the drinkers and 92 2% of the non-drinkers considered they were in excellent, good or fair health status, i e 3% drinkers and 7 8% non-drinkers reported they were in poor or very bad status The prevalence rates of gastritis/ulcer, migraine, disc protrusion/back pain, and sleep problems were significantly higher in drinkers than non-drinkers The rates were also positively correlated with annual amount of drinking While the prevalence rates of heart disease (including coronary heart disease and heart attack), cerebral infarction/hemorrhage, hearing/vision problems were lower in drinkers than non-drinkers The stepwise multivariable regression on self-rated health status showed that drinking was the most important predictor of the health status since the first use of alcohol After controlling the level of annual alcohol consumption by stratifying, the prevalence rates of gastritis/ulcer and sleep problems increased with amount of alcohol intake either Moderate drinkers had lower prevalence of heart disease or cerebral infarction/hemorrhage than both non-drinkers and heavy drinkers, which showed a V shaped curve between the prevalence and the amount of alcohol intake Conclusion: Drinking and health status have close association in Chinese population Drinking increases the prevalence of gastric/ulcer disease and the complexity of sleep problems While mild to moderate alcohol consumption is a protective factor for heart disease and cerebral attack