海南省三亚市黎族1680名小学生龋病调查

目的:探讨三亚市黎族学生龋病发病的影响因素,为该地区今后开展牙病防治工作提供依据。方法:对三亚市黎族地区10所学校1680名年龄6～13岁的小学生,由经过培训的牙科医生采用口内直视法进行口腔龋病检查。调查内容包括龋病患病状况、口腔卫生状况及问卷调查。结果:受检学生患龋率为35.53%,龋均为3.12颗;7～8岁年龄段患龋率及龋均最高,13岁以上年龄段患龋率及龋均最低,女生患龋率高于男生;龋病治疗率仅为4.12%,恒牙龋治疗率高于乳牙龋。黎族小学生刷格率仅为14.30%。结论:海南省三亚市黎族地区小学生龋病发病率较低,但龋病的预防与治疗情况较差;替牙期患龋率随着年龄增长而下降,恒牙的患龋率随着年龄增长而有所上升。其原因是学生及家长对龋病危害认识不足;农村口腔保健工作亟待加强,要提倡正确的刷牙方法,保持口腔清洁。学校应定期开展普查普治工作,加强替牙期学生龋齿的防治及相关的健康教育。

Caries Survey of 1680 Li ethnic minority primary school students in Sanya

Objective; To investigate factors affecting the caries incidence among li ethnic minority primary school students in Sanya in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of dental diseases. Methods： 1680 students from 10 li ethnic minority primary schools in Sanya who were 6 to 13 years old were examined by trained dentist to check oral caries under direct version. Aspects including prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene status and a questionnaire were surveyed in this study. Results. The incidence of caries was 35. 53% among these students with an average caries number of 3.12. Both caries incidence and average caries number were the highest among 7-8 years old students, while the lowest were among those of 13 years old. Incidence among girls was higher than that among boys. The treatment rate of caries was 4. 12% ,and caries of permanent teeth were more likely to be treated. Qualification rate of the oral hygiene status among the students was 14.30%. Conclusion. The caries incidence among li ethnic minority primary school students in Sanya is low, while the prevention and control status is poor. Among students at mixed dentition period, caries incidence decreases with age, while for permanent teeth, it grows with age. The main reason for caries prevalence is the poor knowledge of students and their parents. Dental care work including correct teeth brushing method promotion should be strengthened in urban area. General investigation of caries prevalence and dental health care education should be regularly carried out in schools.