上海市户籍育龄妇女人工流产原因动态监测

目的 动态监测上海市户籍育龄妇女人工流产原因，方法 对2001年全市16个人工流产原因监测点人工流产对象的人工流产原因与1999年全市19个监测点进行了对比分析。结果 人工流产对象的平均年龄下降了0.5岁；平均人工流产次数从2.2次下降到1.8次，再次人工流产对象明显下降。职业中工人，学生和个体，待业的比例在下降，而商业服务，科研教育，职员和行政工作人员的比例在上升；70.9%的未婚和47.8%的已婚人工流产对象是没有避孕措施所致，其中主要是侥幸心理。已婚人工流产对象中“不懂避孕措施”的比例在下降，但在未婚对象中上升。安全期和体外排精失败的比例在下降，而避孕套失败的比例在上升。在今后打算中，拟采用安全期和避孕针药的比例在下降，而避孕套和未考虑的比例在上升。结论 建议今后适当提前进行避孕节育知识教育，同时加强婚前检查，人工流产和分娩时避孕节育知识的宣传教育，加强个别咨询和药具供应服务。

A dynamic survey on causes of induced abortion among Shanghai residential fertile-age women

Objective To survey the causes of induced abortion among Shanghai residential fertile-age women. Methods The monitoring data of induced abortion were analyzed and compared between 1999 and 2001. Results The average age of women with induced abortion decreased by 0.5 per year. The average times of induced abortion per person decreased from 2.2 to 1.8 times, the rate for those who underwent more than once decreased significantly. The proportions for workers, students and self-employees also decreased, while commercial staffs, teachers, scientific research workers and administrators were increasing. 70.9% unmarried and 47.8% married were caused by unprotected intercourse. The proportion for those who had not taken contraceptive measures among married subjects was decreasing, but was increasing in unmarried subjects. The proportions of intercourse during safe-period and withdraw failures were decreased, while condom failure was increased. Regarding the future, adoption of contraceptives, and those who plan to use safe-period and Ocs are decreasing, and those plan to use condom and have no idea in using contraceptives are increasing. Conclusion Have we suggest that premarital education of how to use contraceptives, propagation of knowledge of contraception during induced abortion and before delivery, also, marital examination should be enhanced. Serviced of personal counseling and provision of contraceptive are also necessary.