蚂蚁叮蜇伤56例临床分析

目的总结蚂蚁叮蜇伤的临床表现、实验室检查、诊断和治疗,提高对蚂蚁叮蜇伤的认识。方法对2005年4月—2009年7月收集的56例蚂蚁叮蜇伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果单纯荨麻疹型（皮肤型）21例;复杂荨麻疹型35例,其中休克23例、严重心律失常5例、Ⅲ度和Ⅳ度喉阻塞各1例。治疗以糖皮质激素为主,辅以相应的抢救措施,56例均治愈。结论蚂蚁毒素刺激机体免疫系统引起免疫功能紊乱,局部组织坏死、溶血,促使肥大细胞释放组胺和血管活性胺类物质,引起细胞坏死,触发Ⅰ型变态反应、全身炎症反应综合征,导致微循环障碍、休克。经及时内科综合治疗预后良好。

Ant Bite-Sting Wound:A Clinical Analysis of 56 Patients

Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations,diagnosis and treatment of patients with ant bite-sting wound so as to increase awareness of ant bite-sting wound.Methods The clinical data of 56 patients with ant bite-sting wound collected from April 2005 to July 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 21 patients with simple urticaria (skin type);35 with complex urticaria,of which 23 with shock,5 with serious arrhythmia,and one with grade Ⅲ one with grade Ⅳof laryngeal obstruction.The therapies were corticosteroid-based,with appropriate rescue measures.All 56 patients were cured.Conclusion Ant toxin stimulates the body's immune system to cause immune dysfunction,local tissue necrosis,and hemolysis;and it also prompts the mast cells to release histamine and vasoactive amines,causing cell necrosis and triggering type I allergic reaction,and systemic inflammatory response syndrome,and thus leading to microcirculatory disturbance and shock.The prognosis is good as a comprehensive and timely medical treatment is given.