Convergence of clinical toxicology and epidemiology in relation to health effects of chemicals

An integrated approach of clinical toxicology and epidemiology is an essential ingredient in environmental health risk management through molecular epidemiology and environmental genomics. The last decade has also seen the emergence of several biochemical markers useful in chemical risk assessment and in epidemiological studies. An appraisal of the concepts involved, the approaches required, and the potential scope of this approach is attempted here.