中学生心理问题及其影响因素研究

目的探讨中学生心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表、青少年生活事件量表对桐乡市两所中学370名初二学生的心理健康状况进行调查分析。结果症状自评量表测评，5．67％的中学生存在明显的心理问题，主要表现为强迫症状、人际关系敏感、偏执、敌对、焦虑与抑郁等；女生恐怖因子分显著高于男生（P〈0．01），城镇与农村及男生与女生各因子分比较均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。青少年生活事件量表测评，城镇中学生受惩罚因子分显著高于农村（P〈0．05），丧失因子及健康适应因子分显著低于农村（P〈0．05或0．01）；男生受惩罚因子分显著高于女生（P〈0．01），人际关系因子分显著低于女生（P〈0．05）。症状自评量表总分与青少年生活事件量表应激总分和各因子分呈正相关。结论中学生的心理健康状况较差，需要社会各界的关注和支持。

Researches on psychoproblems and influential factors in middle school students

Objective To explore the mental health status and influencing factors for middle school students.Methods Mental health states were investigated with the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90) and the Adolescence Life Event Scale(ALES) in 370 grade 2 students of 2 middle school of Tongxiang city.Results Except that phobia score was very significantly higher in the female than in the male students(P<0.01),there were no significant differences in each factor score between urban and rural students or male and female ones(P>0.05).5.67 percent of the students had obviuos psychoproblems which were mainly compulsive symptom,interpersonal relatiuonship sensitiveness,paranoia,hostility,anxiety and depression.According to the ALES,punishability score was significantly higher(P<0.05) and deprivation and healthy adaption score were significantly or very significantly lower(P<0.05 or 0.01) in the urban than in the rural students.Punishability score was very significantly higher(P<0.01) and interpersonal relationship score significantly lower(P<0.05) in the male than in the female students.The SCL-90 total score was positively related to the ALES stress total and each factor score.Conclusion The mental health status of middle school students are poor and should be paid close attention to and supported.