镇江市丹徒区2001-2016年疟疾纵向监测分析

目的 了解镇江丹徒区疟疾流行特征及蚊媒密度,评价防治效果,为制定消除疟疾防治策略提供科学依据.方法 收集2001-2016年江苏省镇江市丹徒区疟疾监测点网络报告疟疾疫情、发热病人血检、小学生间接荧光抗体(IFA)检测、疟疾病例个案流行病学调查表、疫点调查和处置表、以及媒介按蚊种群等数据进行统计分析.结果 2001-2016年,共报告疟疾病例16例,其中本地感染病例7例,国内省外输入病例6例,境外输入病例3例.全区共血检发热病人56 285人次,血检率为1.27％.血检本地人口51 709人次,血检阳性5人,阳性率为0.01％;血检外来流动人口4 576人,血检阳性8人,阳性率为0.17％;两者差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.01).2001-2011年镇江市丹徒区省级疟疾监测点共采集重点人群滤纸2459人份,阳性31人,阳性率1.26％;采集小学生滤纸2 892人份,阳性39人,阳性率1.35％;两者差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).2001-2016年共捕获按蚊1 744只,经鉴定均为中华按蚊.结论 2008年以来镇江丹徒区已无本地感染疟疾病例,但由于传疟媒介仍然存在,一旦有输入性传染源的输入,仍然有引起疟疾传播与流行的可能,因此仍需加强疟疾的监测与控制,巩固消除疟疾的成果.

Longitudinal surveillance of malaria in Dantu District of Zhenjiang, 2001-2016

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of malaria and mosquito vector density in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City,so as to provide scientific evidence for the development of the malaria elimination strategy.Methods The data pertaining to the network reporting malaria epidemics,blood examinations of fever patients,indirect immunoinfluscent assays in primary school students,epidemiological investigations of malaria cases,foci investigation and treatment forms,and mosquito populations were collected in the malaria surveillance sites in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City from 2001 to 2016,and analyzed.Results A total of 16 malaria cases were detected in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City from 2001 to 2016,including 7 local cases,6 imported cases from other provinces of China,and 3 oversea-imported cases.During the study period,a total of 56 285 patients with fever received blood examinations,with a rate of 1.27％.Of the 51 709 local residents detected,5 cases were positive for the blood examinations,with a positive rate of 0.01％,and 8 out of the 4 576 mobile populations were positive for the blood examinations,with a positive rate of 0.17％.There was a significant difference detected in the positive rate of blood examinations between the local residents and mobile populations (P＜0.01).From 2001 to 2011,a total of 2 459 and 2 892 filter paper blood spots were collected from key populations and primary school students,and 31 (1.26％ positive rate) and 39 (1.35％ positive rate) were positive,with no significant difference seen in the positive rate of filter paper blood spots between key populations and primary school students (P＞0.05).A total of 1 744 mosquitoes were captured between 2001 and 2016,and all were identified as Anopheles sinensis.Conclusions No local malaria case has been detected in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City since 2008.However,in the presence of vectors transmitting malaria,there is a possibility of malaria transmission upon an importation of source of infection may cause.Further malaria surveillance and control is therefore required to consolidate the control achievements.