马尾神经根动静脉瘘的诊治分析

目的探讨马尾神经根动静脉瘘的诊断和治疗结果。方法回顾性纳入2000年1月至2015年12月首都医科大学宣武医院诊治的马尾神经根动静脉瘘9例患者,男6例,女3例,年龄17~58岁,平均(39±14)岁。经全脊髓DSA或手术证实诊断(病变位置位于马尾神经上,由滋养神经根的动脉供血,引流静脉向上汇入髓周静脉)。分析患者的临床资料、影像资料和治疗随访结果。结果患者表现为双下肢无力和排尿排便功能障碍,术前脊髓功能AminoffLogue评分(7.2±3.2)分,病程中位数6.0(4.5~18.0)个月。造影显示病变的血管构筑类型分为单纯瘘型和微小畸形团型,供血动脉均为髂内动脉神经根支,3例合并圆锥部位髓内动静脉畸形。血管内栓塞治疗8例,手术治疗1例,无手术相关并发症。平均随访期为(20.1±6.7)个月,影像学随访显示均达解剖治愈,治疗后AminoffLogue评分降至(4.6±2.8)分,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.276,P0.05)。结论马尾神经根动静脉瘘可通过DSA进行诊断,有症状患者符合血管内治疗或手术治疗适应证,治疗后解剖学和功能学预后均得到有效改善。

Diagnostic and treatment analysis of arteriovenous fistula of cauda equina

Objective To investigate the diagnostic and treatment results of arteriovenous fistula of cauda equina.Methods From January 2000 to December 2015,9 Patients with arteriovenous fistula of cauda diagnosed and treated at the Department of Neurosurgery,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were enrolled retrospectively,including 6 males and 3 females.Their ages were 17-58 (mean 39±14) years.The diagnoses were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or surgery (the lesions were located on the cauda equine,which were fed by the arterial supply of the nerve root,and the drainage vein flowed upward into the perimedullary vein).The clinical data,imaging data,and treatment follow-up results of the patients were analyzed.Results The patients presented with weakness of both lower extremities and disturbances of bowel movement and urination.Aminoff Logue score for spinal function was 7.2±3.2 before procedure.The median course of disease was 6.0 (4.5-18.0) months.Angiography showed that the vascular architecture types of the lesions were divided into simple fistula type and micro-nidus type.The feeding arteries were all the nerve root branches of the internal iliac artery.Three patients complicated with conical part of the intramedullary arteriovenous malformations.Eight patients were treated with endovascular embolization,one was treated by operation.No patients were treated with combined interventional surgery,and no surgery-related complications were observed.The mean follow-up duration was 20.1±6.7 months.Imaging follow-up showed that they all reached anatomic cure.Aminoff Logue score dropped to 4.6±2.8 after treatment.There were significant differences before and after treatment in Aminoff Logue score of the patients (t=4.276,P<0.05).Conclusions The nerve root arteriovenous fistula of the cauda equina can be diagnosed by DSA findings.Symptomatic patients are eligible for the indication of endovascular or surgical treatment.Anatomy and functional prognosis are satisfactory after treatment.