深圳市流感样病例中鼻病毒流行特征分析

目的研究深圳市流感样病例中鼻病毒(HRV)流行特征。方法收集2015—2016年深圳市宝安区两家医院门诊流感样病例的咽拭子及相关资料,采用RT-PCR检测HRV RNA。结果 HRV RNA阳性率为8.27%(47/568),其中男性检出率11.34%(28/247),女性检出率5.92%(19/321),检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。HRV感染集中在7岁以下儿童,构成比46.81%(22/47),各年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。HRV感染呈现春、秋两季检出率高,夏、冬两季低的趋势,不同季节的检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。患者症状发热以中高热、咳嗽、咽痛为主,全身症状(如全身酸痛)出现较少。结论深圳地区HRV呈秋季高发、7岁以下儿童高发的流行特征。

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of rhinovirus in influenza-like cases in Shenzhen

Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of rhinovirus (HRV) in influenza-like cases in Shenzhen City.Methods The pharyngeal swab and related data of outpatient influenza-like cases in two hospitals from 2015 to 2016 were collected,and the HRV RNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The positive rate of HRV RNA was 8.27％ (47/568),of which male was 11.34％(28/247),female was 5.92％(19/321),the positive rate difference was statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The prevalence of HRV in children under 7 years old was 46.81％(22/47),the difference among all age groups was significant (P ＜ 0.05).HRV infection showed a high detection rate in spring and autumn,low trend in summer and winter,and the difference of detection rate in different seasons was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The main symptoms of patients were moderate fever or high fever,cough and sore throat,and less in general symptoms (such as systemic pain).Conclusion It is a high incidence of HRV in autumn,and high prevalence of children less than 7 years old in Shenzhen.