心房颤动致急性心源性脑栓塞动脉取栓的预后分析

目的探讨心房颤动导致急性心源性脑栓塞动脉取栓的预后。方法回顾性分析采用静脉溶栓桥接动脉取栓或单纯动脉内取栓治疗心房颤动导致脑大动脉闭塞的急性心源性脑栓塞患者的资料。连续纳入2015年1月至2016年12月住院的阵发性或持续性心房颤动导致的心源性脑栓塞患者22例,其中90 d改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分0~2级10例(预后良好组),3~6级12例(预后不良组)。比较两组患者的临床特征、影像学资料、治疗情况。对患者年龄、性别、术前国际标准化比值(INR)、栓塞部位、取栓前是否桥接静脉溶栓、发病时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、发病到再灌注时间(TOR)、术中是否使用替罗非班、取栓次数、术后改良脑梗死溶栓治疗(m TICI)血流分级、术后颅内症状性脑出血等因素进行分析。结果两组患者年龄、性别、术前INR、栓塞部位、取栓前静脉溶栓例数、术中使用替罗非班的例数、m TICI 2b级以上的比例、术后症状性脑出血比例差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。预后良好组发病时NIHSS评分(15.2±2.0)分,低于预后不良组(22.9±8.4)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);预后良好组TOR(307±86)min,少于预后不良组(426±145)min,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);预后良好组取栓1.5(0.5,3.0)次,少于预后不良组取栓4.0(2.0,7.0)次,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对心房颤动致急性脑栓塞患者动脉取栓治疗时,缩短再灌注时间、减少术中取栓次数,是改善患者预后的重要因素。但尚需更大样本的研究进一步探索。

Prognostic analysis of arterial embolectomy of acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism caused by atrial fibrillation

Objective To investigate the related factors of the prognosis of arterial embolectomy of acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism caused by atrial fibrillation.Methods The clinical data of using vein thrombolysis bridging artery embolectomy or arterial embolectomy alone for the treatment of patients with acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism of cerebral large artery occlusion due to atrial fibrillation were analyzed retrospectively.From January 2015 to December 2016,22 consecutive inpatients with cardioembolic cerebral embolism caused by paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation were enrolled,including 10 patients with the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0-2 (good recovery group) and 12 patients with mRS scores 3-6 (poor recovery group).The clinical features,imaging data,and treatment of the patients in both groups were compared.The factors such as age,gender,preoperative international standardization ratio (INR),embolism position,whether bridging vein thrombolysis before thrombectomy,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at the onset,time of onset to reperfusion (TOR),whether using tirofiban,times of thrombectomy,modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) blood flow grade,and postoperative intracranial symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage were analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender,preoperative INR,embolism position,the number of intravenous thrombolysis before thrombectomy,the number of using tirofiban in surgery,the proportion of the above mTICI 2b grade,and the proportion of symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage after surgery of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05).The NIHSS score 15.2±2.0 at the onset in the good recovery group was lower than 22.9±8.4 in the poor recovery group.There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).The TOR time (307±86 min) in the good recovery group was less than that of the poor recovery group (426±145 min).There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Embolectomy was performed 1.5 (0.5,3.0) times in the good recovery group,which was less than the poor recovery group (4.0 2.0,7.0] times).There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Shortening the time of reperfusion and reducing the number of embolectomy during operation are the important factors for improving the prognosis of patients when atrial fibrillation causes arterial embolectomy in patients with acute cerebral embolism.However,a study of larger sample is needed for further exploration.