新标碘盐全覆盖后厦门市城市与农村家庭食盐选择模式调查

目的了解新标碘盐全覆盖后厦门市城市与农村家庭食盐选择模式,为厦门市碘缺乏病防治提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取湖里、翔安共433户家庭,调查其食盐选择模式。结果城市家庭缺碘危害知晓率(91.90%)高于农村(85.20%);城市家庭选择碘盐的比率(89.52%)高于农村(79.82%);城市家庭选择购买碘盐理由为防止碘缺乏病或对孩子智力有好处的比率(90.02%)高于农村(83.15%);城市选择始终吃加碘盐的比率(83.33%)高于农村(72.20%),选择同时吃加碘盐和不加碘盐的比率(3.33%)低于农村(9.87%);差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。城市与农村家庭均有超过半数家庭每周吃2次以上熟食,同时城市与农村均有约25%左右家庭每周在外就餐2次以上。结论新标碘盐全覆盖后,厦门市家庭食盐选择模式仍存在城乡差别,农村仍然是碘缺乏病防治的薄弱点,应当引起各部门重视。

Investigation on preference patterns among urban and rural families after complete coverage of new standard iodized salt in Xiamen

Objective To understand the preference patterns among urban and rural families after complete coverage of new standard iodized salt in Xiamen City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy of iodine deficiency disease.Methods A total of 433 families were selected with the stratified random sample method to investigate their preference pattern of salt in Huli and Xiangan districts of Xiamen City.Results The awareness rate of iodine deficiency disease in the urban families (91.90％) was higher than that in the rural families (85.20％).The selecting iodized salt rate of the urban families (89.52％) was higher than that of the rural families (79.82％).Totally 90.02％ of the urban families thought the reasons of selecting iodized salt were the prevention of iodine deficiency disease or good for children's intelligence, and 83.15％ of rural families thought so.The rate of insisted on selecting iodized salt in the urban families (83.33％) was higher than that in the rural families (72.20％), and the rate of choosing both iodized salt and non-iodized salt in the urban families (3.33％) was lower than that in the rural families (9.87％), the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).More than half of urban and rural families had the cooked food more than 2 times a week, and about 25％ of urban and rural families had meals outside more than 2 times a week.Conclusions After complete coverage of new standard iodized salt, there are still differences between the urban and rural families in the preference pattern of salt in Xiamen City.The rural families are the weak point of the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disease, and the authority should pay more attention to them.