大鼠膈神经移位迷走神经支配心脏的实验解剖学研究

目的：为大鼠膈神经移位迷走神经支配心脏提供显微解剖学依据。方法：20只健康雄性SD大鼠在10倍手术显微镜下解剖双侧膈神经、迷走神经及其分支。用游标卡尺（精确度为0．02mm）测量膈神经分支直径、长度，迷走神经各段的直径、长度及其与膈神经起始端的距离。结果：（1）大鼠膈神经分支有胸骨支、前外侧支、后支，迷走神经分支有咽支、喉前神经、返神经、心支和胸腹腔支。（2）大鼠膈神经主干起始端直径为（0．22±0．04）mm，其与迷走神经咽支、喉前神经、左侧返神经、右侧返神经、心支、锁骨上水平部的距离分别是（8．46±0．06）mm、（35．98±0．06）mm、（25．66±0．04）mm、（22．88±0．06）mm、（42．06±0．04）mm、（2．46±0．82）mm。结论：迷走神经锁骨上水平发出的主干与膈神经主干起始端较接近，可以与膈神经直接缝合。

Anatomic Research on Cardiac Function Reconstruction by Transposition of Phrenic Nerve to Vagus Nerve in the Rat Model

Objective：To provide micro-anatomical basis for phrenic nerve transposition to vagus nerve in rats. Methods：20 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were dissected to free the bilateral phrenic nerves, the vagus nerves and their branches under the surgical microscope. The diameters and lengths of vagus nerves and phrenic nerves and their branches, the distances between phrenic nerves and the beginning ends of diaphragmatic nerves, were measured by using a sliding caliper with its precision of 0.02 mm. Results：The rats＇ phrenic nerve branches included the sternal branch ,anterolateral branch and posterior branch. Meanwhile, the Rats＇ vagus nerve branches consisted of the rami pharyngeales nervi vagi, nervus laryngeus cranialis, nervus recurrens, rami cardiaci and nervus cavitas thoracis. The diameter of rats＇ phrenic nerve main at its origin was （0.22 ± 0.04） mm. The distance from the origin of phrenic nerve to the rami pharyngeales nervi vagi, nervus laryngeus cranialis, left nervus recurrens, right nervus recurrens, rami cardiaci and the supraclavicular section of vagus nerve were （ 8. 46 ± 0. 06 ） mm, （ 35. 98 ± 0. 06 ） mm , （ 25. 66 ± 0. 04 ） mm, （ 22. 88± 0.06）mm, （42.06 ± 0.04 ） mm, （ 2.46 ± 0.82 ） mm, respectively. Conclusions ： The supraclavicular section of vagus nerve is near to the proximal part of phrenic nerve main trunk. It is possible to suture them directly.