异体冷冻干燥骨在脊柱结核手术治疗中的应用

目的 对手术治疗脊柱结核患者进行回顾性研究，了解异体冷冻干燥骨在其治疗中的作用。方法 1999年1月～2004年8月对31例脊柱结核患者均采用同种异体冷冻干燥松质骨作为植骨材料，装入钛网或人工椎体中，在彻底清除病灶后，进行前路支撑植骨和内固定。结果 23例获1．5～5年随访，平均3．7年。21例术后6个月观察到骨融合现象；2例术后2个月停止正规抗结核治疗，局部结核复发，其中1例胸椎结核患者出现螺钉松动并部分退出；继续抗结核治疗后，2例患者均于术后12个月观察到骨融合现象；螺钉松动患者的内固定物位置无进一步变化，但胸椎后凸角度加大。结论 异体冷冻干燥骨可作为脊柱结核的植骨材料，为了使植骨达到良好的再生和重塑，应进行稳固的内固定，术后抗结核治疗十分重要。

APPLICATION OF FREEZE-DRIED CANCELLOUS ALLOGRAFT IN TREATMENT OF SPINAL TUBERCULOSIS

Objective To investigate the efficacy of freeze-dried cancellous allograft in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. Methods From January 1999 to August 2004, there were 31 cases of spinal tuberculosis who underwent surgery. The freeze-dried cancellous allograft was used as grafting material in all the cases. The cancellous allograft was packed in a titanium mesh cage or an artificial vertebrae, and then used as a strut graft anteriorly to implant into the bone defect after the redical debridement, and the instrumentation was done. Results Twenty-three cases were followed up 1.5 years to 5 years (3.7 years on average), and bony fusion was achieved in 21 cases 6 months later. In 2 cases ceasing antituberculous therapy after 2 months of operation, the local recurrence was obvious. The loosened screw was noticed in one of these two cases, who had tuberculosis in lumbar spine. When antituberculous therapy continued, the bony fusion was observed in these two cases 12 months later. No further position change of the instrument was noticed in the patient carrying loosened screw, but the kyphosis of the thoracolumbar spine aggravated. Conclusion Freeze-dried cancellous allograft could be used in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. To achieve good results of allograft incorporation and remodeling, the rigid instrumentation should be performed, postoperative antituberculous therapy is also important.