青少年锻炼行为的阶段变化模化研究

目的 调查青少年锻炼行为，揭示不同锻炼阶段自我效能、决策平衡的特点以及心理变量与锻炼行为的关系。方法 采用锻炼行为阶段变化量表、运动自我效能量表和决策平衡量表对1192名中学生进行调查。结果 被试锻炼行为阶段分布为：前意识阶段（21．7％）、意识阶段（24．9％）、准备阶段（37．4％）、行为阶段（6．1％）、维持阶段（9．8％）。锻炼行为阶段变化呈现明显的性别和年龄差异。另外，运动自我效能、锻炼受益和锻炼障碍得分也呈现明显的锻炼阶段差异，且这些心理变量对锻炼行为有明显影响。结论应针对青少年锻炼行为阶段变化特点展开锻炼行为的健康教育。

Research on stage of changes model of exercise behavior among adolescents

Objective To examine the exercise behavior of adolescents;to reveal the differences in self-efficacy and decision balance by the stages of exercise behavior,and to identify the relationship between exercise behavior and psychological variables.Methods A total of 1?192 adolescents randomly selected from junior high and senior high schools were surveyed.Three questionnaires were used to identify the stage of exercise behavior and psychological attributes of adolescents:Stage of Exercise Behavior Change Questionnaire,Decision Balance Scale for Exercise,and Exercise Self-efficacy Scale.Results The exercise pattern of adolescents was different by each stage of exercise behavior:precontemplation(21.7%),contemplation(24.9%),preparation(37.4%),action(6.1%),and maintenance(9.8%).Significant differencesin exercise behavior distribution emerged as a function of gender and.In addition,exercise self-efficacy,exercise benefits and exercise barriers differentiated across the stages of exercise behavior.Furthermore,the findings revealed that the selected psychological variables had a significant impact on the exercise behavior.Conclusion The findings obtained form the research imply that development of health education aimed at adolescents exercise behavior should be stage-matched.