单光子发射型计算机体层摄影脑血流灌注显像评估缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿局部脑血流量的分布

背景新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病是较常见的新生儿疾病,可引起脑瘫、智力低下和惊厥.目前,该病常用的检查方法有CT扫描、MRI成像及单光子发射型计算机体层摄影等方法.目的探讨新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病单光子发射型计算机体层摄影显像的特征,并与CT扫描、MRI成像进行比较,为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿的功能监测和早期干预提供理论基础.设计以缺氧缺血性脑病患儿为研究对象,正常新生儿为对照组的观察对比研究.单位一所大学医院的核医学科.对象选择1998-09/2000-10在济宁医学院附属医院儿科住院的新生儿30例作为观察组,男23例,女7例;并随机选择同期10例正常新生儿为对照组,男7例,女3例.方法对两组对象进行单光子发射型计算机体层摄影脑血流灌注显像,并与其CT、MRI结果进行对比.主要观察指标①缺氧缺血性脑病患儿和新生儿单光子发射型计算机体层摄影脑血流显像特征比较;②单光子发射型计算机体层摄影脑血流灌注显像与CT和MRI检查的对比.结果22例同时做单光子发射型计算机体层摄影、CT和MRI的患儿中,轻度组7例,单光子发射型计算机体层摄影、CT和MRI阳性数分别为7,3和5例;中度组10例中,3种方法的阳性数分别为10,8和9例;重度组5例,3种方法均为阳性;单光子发射型计算机体层摄影、CT和MRI总的阳性检出率分别为100%,72.73%和86.36%.轻度组单光子发射型计算机体层摄影显像与MRI灵敏度无明显差异,与CT比较差异有显著性(x2=3.95,P＜0.05);中、重度组3种方法差异无显著性意义(x2=0.83,P＞0.05).结论单光子发射型计算机体层摄影脑血流灌注显像是新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病较灵敏的监测方法,可以为其预后评估和早期干预提供影像学参考依据.

Evaluative merit of brain blood perfusion image of single photon emission computed tomography on local brain blood distribution in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopahty(NHIE) is a common neonatal disease, which could cause cerebral palsy, inferior intelligence and convulsion. At present, usual examinations for this disease are CT.MRI and single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT), etc.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the character of SPECT image of NHIE, and compared with CT and MRI as well to provide a theoretical gist for function surveillance and early intervention of NHIE.DESIGN: An observatory comparative study based on NHIE patients and normal neouates as control.SETTING: Department of nuclear medicine in a medical university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty neonates hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College between September 1998 and October 2000 were selected as observation group with 23 males and 7 females. Another 10 normal neonates including 7 males and 3 females were randomly selected from same period into control group.METHODS: SPECT brain blood perfusion was conducted in the subjects of two groups and the results were compared with that of CT and MRI.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① comparison of SPECT brain blood image features between NHIE and normal neonates; ② comparison of SPECT images and CT, MRI results. RESULTS: In 22 NHIE cases who received SPECT, CT and MRI simultaneously, mild group had 7 cases, and positive cases of SPECT, CT or MRI was 7, 3 or 5; moderate group had 10 cases, and positive cases of three methods was 10, 8 or 9; severe group had 5 cases, the all of them were positive in all three examinations. The total positive detectable rate of SPECT, CT or MRI was 100, 72.73% or 86. 36%. There was no significant difference of sensitivity between SPECT and MRI in mild group, while there was significant difference between SPECT and CT(x2 = 3.95, P ＜ 0.05);there was no significant difference among three methods in either moderate group or severe group(x2 =0. 83, P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: SPECT brain blood perfusion image is a quite sensitive method for the surveillance of NHIE, which can provide imageological reference for the evaluation of its prognosis and early intervention.