Nonconventional genetic risk factors for cardiovascular disease |
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Authors: | Christopher N Tymchuk MD PhD Jaana Hartiala MS Pragna I Patel PhD Margarete Mehrabian PhD Hooman Allayee PhD |
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Institution: | (1) Institute for Genetic Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 2250 Alcazar Street, IGM 240, 90089-9075 Los Angeles, CA, USA |
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Abstract: | Despite numerous advances made in identifying the genes for rare mendelian forms of cardiovascular disease (CVD), relatively
little is known about the common, complex forms at the genetic level. Moreover, most genes that have been associated with
CVD, whether they are single gene forms or more common forms of the disease, have primarily been involved in biochemical pathways
related to what are considered “conventional” risk factors. However, recent genetic studies have begun to identify genes and
pathways associated with CVD that would not be considered to underlie conventional risk factors. In this review, we discuss
the evidence for this latter notion based on recent linkage and association studies in humans. As an example, we also illustrate
how a combination of mouse and human genetics led to identification of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway for CVD, with potentially
important implications for its treatment and diagnosis. We conclude with a discussion of the prospects for identifying CVD
genes in the future and for potentially developing more effective therapeutic strategies. |
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