1139例妊娠期妇女缺铁性贫血的调查分析

目的调查了解武汉市中心城区孕妇缺铁性贫血概况及其相关因素，提出干预措施，提高围产保健质量。方法对在武汉市江岸区妇幼保健院围产保健门诊进行产前检查的1139例孕妇进行膳食问卷调查，并统一由检验科进行采血样检验。结果妊娠期妇女缺铁性贫血总发生率为9．4％，其中，轻度贫血占贫血总数的96．3％，中度贫血占3．7％，无重度贫血患者。随着孕期的增加，贫血患病率增高，孕晚期发病率最高（14．9％），各孕期孕妇贫血患病率比较差异有统计学意义∥值分别为9．180、4．038、24．281，P〈0．01或〈0．05。孕妇贫血还与年龄、文化程度密切相关，随着孕妇年龄的增大、文化程度的降低，贫血的发生率逐渐升高。结论妊娠期妇女缺铁性贫血发病率较高，且多发生在中、晚孕期。因此，应加强孕期保健宣传工作，制定干预措施，并从孕早期开始补充铁剂，降低孕妇贫血发生率，从而减少贫血对孕妇和胎儿的不良影响。

Investigation on status of iron deficiency anemia in 1 139 pregnant women

Objective To investigate the status of iron deficiency anemia （IDA） in pregnant women in central city of Wuhan and related factors, so as to put forward intervention measures and improve the quality of perinatal care. Methods Dietary questionnaires were given to 1 139 cases of pregnant women who received prenatal check-up in Perinatal Care Clinic of Women and Children＇ s Medical Center of Jiang＇ an District, and blood samples were examined by Laboratory Department. Results The total incidence of IDA in pregnant women was 9.4%, among which 96.3% were mild anemia cases and 3.7% were moderate anemia cases. There was no severe ease. With the increasing of gestational age, the prevalence of IDA was higher, which was highest in the third trimester （14.9%）. There were statistical differences in the incidence of IDA among different trimesters （X2 value was 9. 180, 4. 038 and 24. 281, respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Meanwhile, anemia in pregnant women was closely related to age and education level. With the increasing of age and decreasing of educational level, the incidence rate of anemia elevated gradually. Conclusion The incidence of IDA in pregnant women is relatively high, and it often occurs in middle and late pregnancy. Therefore, health promotion during pregnancy should be strengthened and effective intervention measures should be carried out. Iron supplements should be given in early pregnancy to reduce the incidence of anemia, so as to decrease the adverse effects of anemia on pregnant women and fetus.