Clinical outcomes in older or younger patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: Impact of lymphadenopathy and patient age

Aims

To examine lymph node metastasis (LNM) from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) according to clinicopathological features and outcomes associated with the nodal status.

Methods

We reviewed 231 patients with PTC (≥1.0 cm) who underwent initial thyroidectomy with modified neck dissection. LNM was examined in the central and lateral compartment and risk factors for disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated. Nodal status and outcomes were further evaluated in four subgroups, 19 older patients (≥45 years old) with palpable lymphadenopathy (PLA) and 134 without PLA, and 11 younger patients (<45 years old) with PLA and 67 without PLA, because multivariate analysis revealed that age (p < 0.05, Hazard ratio (HR) 3.51) and PLA (p < 0.0001, HR 14.9) were risk factors for DFS.

Results

Central and lateral LNM were found in 176 and 151 patients. Seventeen exhibited skip metastasis. Recurrence and disease death occurred in 23 and 5. In analysis of the four subgroups, recurrence was significantly frequent in older patients with PLA than in younger patients with PLA or older patients without PLA (8/19 vs. 3/11 or 12/134). Younger patients without PLA did not exhibit recurrence.

Conclusions

Prognosis is worse in older patients with PLA. Such patients should be treated carefully with a considerable treatment strategy.