阳江市人感染H7N9禽流感监测与分析

目的了解人感染H7N9禽流感的流行态势,为该传染病的防控提供科学依据。方法开展流感样病例和严重急性呼吸道感染病例监测、职业暴露人群监测和活禽市场环境污染监测,采用RT-PCR方法检测流感和禽流感病毒核酸。结果截至2014年4月30日,阳江市累计报告人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例4例,死亡2例;2013年12月16日至2014年4月30日,流感样病例就诊比例为4.30%;全市报告和采集标本的严重急性呼吸道感染病例128例,检出H7N9禽流感病毒核酸阳性3例;接受医学观察的186名从业人员未发现有人感染H7N9禽流感;采集环境标本1 188份,检出H7N9禽流感病毒核酸阳性78份,阳性率为6.57%;监测市场194个(次),检出有阳性标本的市场42个(次),市场阳性比例为21.65%。结论阳江市活禽市场环境污染严重且涉及范围广是导致病例发生的主要原因,加强活禽市场管理,严格落实清理消毒措施是控制疫情的有效方法。

Analysis of Surveillance of Human Infection with Avian Flu H7N9 in Yangjiang City

Objective To understand epidemic trend of human infection with avian flu H7N9 and provide scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods sureveillances were conducted including flu-like case, severe acute respiratory infection ease, population with occupational exposure and pollution of live avian market environment. RT-PCR was used to detect influenza and avian influenza virus nucleic acid. Results Up to April 30, 2014, four were confirmed and two were dead with H7N9 avian influenza infection in Yangjiang. From December 16, 2013 to April 30, 2014, of flu-like cases,those who went to visit doctors account for 4.30 %. Avian influenza virus nucleic acid was detected in 3 out of 128 specimens from 128 reported cases with severe acute respiratory infection, out of 186 occupational people under medical observation, nobody was identified as H7N9 avian influenza infection. Of 1188 environmental samples collected,78 were positive avian influenza virus nucleic acid,with the positive rate of 6.57 %.Of 194 market-monitoring frequencies, 42 were detected with positive results （positive rate：21.65 % ）. Conclusion Wide severe environmental contamination of live poultry markets in Yangjiang contributed to occurrence of human H7N9 avian influenza infection.Strengthening the management of live poultry markets, carrying out strict disinfection measures is an effective way to control the epidemic