Chitosan-based delivery systems for mucosal vaccines |
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Authors: | Jabbal-Gill Inderjit Watts Peter Smith Alan |
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Institution: | Archimedes Development Ltd, Albert Einstein Centre, Nottingham Science & Technology Park , University Boulevard, Nottingham , UK +0115 9078 700 ; +0115 9078 701 ; alansmith@archimedespharma.com. |
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Abstract: | Introduction: Mucosal vaccine development faces several challenges and opportunities. Critical issues for effective mucosal vaccination include the antigen-retention period that enables interaction with the lymphatic system, choice of adjuvant that is nontoxic and induces the required immune response and possibly an ability to mimic mucosal pathogens. Chitosan-based delivery systems are reviewed here as they address these issues and hence represent the most promising candidates for the delivery of mucosal vaccines. Areas covered: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, to locate relevant studies published within the last 5 years. Mucosal delivery via nasal and oral routes is evaluated with respect to chitosan type, dosage forms, co-adjuvanting with novel adjuvants and modulation of the immune system. Expert opinion: It is concluded that chitosan derivatives offer advantageous opportunities such as nanoparticle and surface charge manipulation that facilitate vaccine targeting. Nevertheless, these technologies represent a longer-term goal. By contrast, chitosan (unmodified form) with or without a co-adjuvant has significant toxicology and human data to support safe mucosal administration, and thus has the potential for earlier product introduction into the market. |
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