合肥市中学生自杀行为与若干心理因素的相关研究

目的 了解合肥市中学生的自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂行为报告率并分析学校生活满意度、应对方式与自杀行为相关性.方法 方便抽取合肥市7所中学（2所普通中学,2所重点中学,该市所辖3个县选取的3所普通乡村中学）,每个中学分别在初一至高三每个年级随机抽取1～2个班,对其所有的学生进行问卷调查,共获得有效问卷3127份.自杀行为的定义与问卷设计与美国疾病预防控制中心青少年危险行为监测系统（YRBSS）相同.同时采用“青少年学校生活满意度问卷”、特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）及一般资料调查表,评价青少年学校生活满意度、应对方式等心理特点.采用χ^2检验、非条件logistic回归模型等方法,筛选自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂的主要影响因素.结果 中学生总体自杀意念报告率为28.0%,自杀计划报告率为119%,自杀未遂报告率为4.0%.学校生活满意度高是自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂共同的保护因素;消极应对方式是自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂的共同危险因素.结论 应根据中学生自杀行为的主要危险因素采取必要的预防措施是当前迫切需要解决的问题.

Suicidal behaviors and correlated psychological factors in secondary school students

Objective To investigate the prevalence of suicide ideation, suicide plan and suicide attempts in middle school students in Hefei, Anhui province, and to determine correlated factors. Methods The investigation was administered to 3127 middle school students from 7 schools in Hefei, Anhui province. All participants completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning their experiences with specific suicide behaviors during the 12 months preceding the survey. School life satisfaction, coping style were evaluated by School Life Satisfaction Rating Questionnaire for Adolescent and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, respectively. Chi-squared test was used to assess gender difference of suicide ideation, suicide plan and suicide attempt. Logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with adolescent suicide behaviors. Results Of the subjects investigated, 28.0 percent had thought seriously about attempting suicide, 11.9 percent had made a specific plan to attempt suicide, and 4.0 percent actually had attempted suicide. It was found that main risk factors among three specific suicide behaviors were related to negative coping style. School life satisfaction was protecting factor of suicide ideation and suicide attempt. Conclasion It was suggested that focusing on these psychosocial factors would help enhance suicide assessment and prevention efforts with adolescents.