郑州地区男童阴茎和睾丸发育现状及超重/肥胖对其的影响

目的了解和评价河南省郑州地区男童的阴茎和睾丸发育现状及超重/肥胖对其的影响。方法对河南省郑州地区3 546名4~12岁男童进行身高、体重、腰围、臀围、阴茎长度及睾丸容积的测定,并将超重/肥胖组和体重正常组阴茎长度及睾丸容积进行比较。结果 9岁前,男童睾丸容积逐渐变小,而9岁后睾丸容积逐渐增加,11岁后睾丸容积迅速增加。阴茎长度在4~11岁期间增加缓慢,11岁后迅速增加。包茎(144例,4.01%)、隐睾(18例,0.51%)是常见的阴茎、睾丸发育问题。3 546名男童中,超重/肥胖639名(18.02%)。6岁、7岁时超重/肥胖组睾丸容积大于体重正常组(P0.05)。11岁时超重/肥胖组的阴茎长度小于体重正常组(P0.05)。相关分析提示4岁、5岁时超重/肥胖男童睾丸容积均与身高、体重、BMI、腰围、臀围呈正相关;7岁、8岁时超重/肥胖男童阴茎长度均与体重、腰围、臀围呈负相关,12岁时与身高呈正相关。结论郑州地区男童的阴茎、睾丸发育基本符合中国儿童性发育规律;超重/肥胖对男童的阴茎和睾丸发育产生不利影响。

Status of penis and testicular development and effects of overweight/obesity on them in boys in the Zhengzhou area

Objective To evaluate the current status of penis and testicular development in boys and the effects of overweight/obesity on their development in the Zhengzhou area of Henan Province. Methods Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, penis length and testicular volume were measured in 3 546 4 to 12-year-old boys. The penis length and testicular volume were compared between the overweight/obesity and normal weight groups. Results Before 9 years of age, the testicular volume was progressively smaller, and after 9 years old, it gradually increased. By the age of 11, it increased rapidly. The penis length increased gradually between 4 and 11 years of age, and after the age of 11 it increased rapidly. Phimosis was found in 144 cases (4.01%) and cryptorchidism was found in 18 cases (0.51%). A total of 639 (18.02%) boys were overweight or obese among 3 546 boys. At the ages of 6 and 7 years, the testicular volume in the overweight/obesity group was greater than in the normal control group (P<0.05). The penis length in the overweight/obesity group was significantly shorter than in the normal control group (P<0.05) by the age of 11 years. The correlation analysis showed that the testicular volume at the ages of 4 and 5 years was positively correlated with height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference in overweight/obese boys. The penis length at the ages of 7 and 8 years was negatively correlated with weight, waist circumference and hip circumference. By the age of 12 years, the penis length was positively correlated with the height. Conclusions The development of penis and testicles in boys in the Zhengzhou area is in line with the level of sex development of Chinese boys. Overweight/obesity adversely affects the development of penis and testicles