维吾尔族和汉族足月新生儿低出生体重发生的危险因素比较

目的 比较维吾尔族(简称维族)和汉族足月新生儿低出生体重(LBW)发生的危险因素的不同,为预防和控制LBW 的发生提供依据.方法 2013 年3 月至2014 年6 月间足月LBW 新生儿 87 例为病例组(汉族38 例,维族49 例),同期足月正常体重儿186 例为对照组(汉族92 例,维族94 例),进行"低出生体重可能的环境危险因素"问卷调查,并采用多因素logistic 回归分析比较维汉族新生儿LBW 发生的危险因素.结果 维族LBW 新生儿出生体重低于汉族(P<0.05).多因素logistic 回归分析显示,父亲饮酒(OR=2.472,P=0.015)、吸烟(OR=2.323,P=0.007)、母孕期并发症(OR=14.377,P<0.001)、孕次(OR=2.995,P=0.001) 是汉族新生儿LBW 发生的危险因素; 父亲饮酒(OR=1.968,P=0.007)、母孕次(OR=1.953,P=0.005)、母孕期并发症(OR=10.283,P=0.002)、室内环境不良(OR=1.367,P=0.027)是维族新生儿LBW发生的危险因素.结论 维族和汉族足月LBW 新生儿的体格发育状况有差异.维汉族新生儿LBW 的发生在传统因素,如父亲饮酒等不良行为、孕母孕次和孕期并发症等上比较一致,但室内环境因素在维族新生儿LBW 的发生中也起了作用.

Comparisons of risk factors for low birth weight between Han and Uygur full-term infants

Objective To compare the differences in risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) between Han and Uygur full-term infants and to provide a basis for the prevention of LBW in newborn infants. Methods Eightyseven full-term LBW infants (38 Hans and 49 Uygurs) between March 2013 and June 2014 were selected as the case group, and 186 full-term normal birth weight infants (92 Hans and 94 Uygurs) were selected as the control group. A questionnaire survey was performed to investigate the related factors for LBW. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the risk factors for LBW. Results The birth weights in Uyghur LBW infants were lower than in Han ones (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking (OR=2.472, P=0.015) and smoking (OR=2.323, P=0.007) by the father, pregnancy complications (OR=14.377, P<0.001), and times of pregnancy (OR=2.995, P=0.001) were the risk factors for LBW in Han infants, while drinking by the father (OR=1.968, P=0.007), times of pregnancy (OR=1.953, P=0.005), pregnancy complications (OR=10.283, P=0.002), and poor indoor environment (OR=1.367, P=0.027) were the risk factors for LBW in Uyghur infants. Conclusions There are differences in physical growth between Han and Uygur LBW infants. Han and Uygur infants share the same traditional risk factors for LBW, such as father''s harmful behaviors like drinking, times of pregnancy, and pregnancy complications, however, the indoor environment also plays a role in the occurrence of LBW in Uygur infants.