云南省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒重病区病因干预效果评价

目的了解燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区改炉降氟预防效果，掌握病情消长趋势，找出存在问题，为制定合理的卫生策略和干预措施提供科学依据。方法选择小龙洞村和青岗岭村2个点按国家监测方案规定的方法和要求各进行连续5年的现状观察。结果(1)已改炉户室内空气氟多年保持在国家卫生标准以内；(2)主食玉米氟含量明显降低；(3)儿童尿氟水平已降到1．0mg／L以下；(4)儿童氟斑牙检出率降到病区控制标准内。结论改炉降氟是防治燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒的主要而有效的措施，该地区氟中毒的流行状况随着改炉率的上升和改炉时间的延长得到了较好的控制。

Evaluation for the effect of etiological intervention in the sever epidemic area of endemic fluorosis resulted from the pollution of coal burning in Yunnan Province

Objective To know the preventive effect of reducing fluorin from the pollution of coal combustion by stove reform at the epidemic area of the endemic fluorosis and grasp the changing trend of fluorosis as well as the problem existed in order to research the feasibility of the follow-up work and provide scientific information for forming a reasonable strategy and intervention measures. Methods Two villages named Xiaolongdong and Qinggangling were chosen as the surveillance spots for observing situation change for five years according to the requirements and methods of the national surveillance plan.Results (1)The fluorin level in the air has been controlled under the national standard level for several years after the stove reform;(2)The level of fluorin in corn which is the main food of the local people has been reduced;(3)The level of fluorin in the urine of children has been decreased under 1.0 mg/L;(4)The positive rate for dental fluorosis of children has been reduced to the controlled level of the epidemic area . Conclusions Stove reform is the main effective measure for reduce fluorin to prevent endemic fluorosis resulted from the pollution of coal burning, and the prevalence of fluorosis in the area has been gradually controlled with the increase of the rate for stove reform and the time is lasted.