早期精神分裂症刑事作案的责任能力相关因素分析

目的探寻在刑事作案中早期精神分裂症患者的特点及影响责任能力评定的相关因素。方法回顾性调查本中心司法鉴定室1991年至2000年间所作的本中心司法鉴定刑事案例资料，将早期精神分裂症患者与非早期精神分裂症患者和正常者进行分组比较，对家族史、案型、案前精神状况、作案诱因、作案动机、隐蔽性、作案对象、自我保护、鉴定诊断、症状特点、责任能力评定等相关因素用SPSS软件作统计分析。结果早期精神分裂症患者组在精神病家族史、文化程度、职业等方面与其他组相比有显著差异：自我保护、思维障碍、行为障碍等变量对三组被鉴定人具有差别效应。结论为提高在司法精神医学鉴定实践中对早期精神分裂症鉴定的准确性，应重视精神病家族史、作案动机、自我保护、思维障碍、行为障碍诸因素。

Criminal responsibility of schizophrenia in its early stage

Objectives: To probe the factors affecting the evaluation of criminal responsibility of schizophrenic patients in their early stage of illness. Method: 1952 files of criminal offenders who received psychiatric expertise from 1991 to 2000 were retrospectively reviewed. Early staged schizophrenics, full developed schizophrenics and normal controls were compared for family history, types of offend mental states before offence, trigger factor, motivation, concealment, victim, selfdefense, diagnoses, psychiatric symptom, and rating of criminal responsibility. Results: There are significant difference between the research group and the other two groups in variables such as family history of mental disorder, education and occupation. Discriminate analysis indicates that self-defense, thought and behavior disorders are valuable to discriminating the three groups. Conclusion: To increase the veracity of psychiatric expertise for early staged schizophrenia, factors such as the family history, motivation of offence, self-defense, thought and behavior disorder should be accordingly regarded.