神经外科重症监护病房两种不同空气消毒方法效果比较

目的比较神经外科重症监护病房中药煮沸熏蒸空气消毒法与紫外线灯照射空气消毒法效果。方法神经外科重症监护病房消毒前地面及桌面均采用0．02％84消毒液擦拭消毒后,对照组病房采用紫外线灯照射消毒法,观察组病房采用中药（包括香薷、桂枝、连翘、公丁香）煮沸熏蒸空气消毒法,各进行30次。比较两种消毒方法消毒前及消毒后0h、lh、2h、4h、8h、12h神经外科重症监护病房细菌检测情况。结果两种消毒方法消毒后0h、lh室内空气自然菌均下降达到Ⅱ类环境卫生标准,组问各时间点比较,差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）;紫外线照射消毒后lh空气细菌数逐渐增多,2h后持续超标,中药煮沸熏蒸消毒后各时间点细菌数均维持在合格水平（符合卫生学标准）,消毒后2h、4h、8h、12h中药煮沸熏蒸空气消毒法细菌消除率明显优于紫外线灯照射消毒法,组间各时间点比较,差异具有统计学意义（均P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论中药煮沸熏蒸消毒法效果明显优于紫外线灯照射消毒法,具有消毒有效时间长,杀菌效果显著及安全、无毒的优点,可在有人工作情况下进行,值得临床推广应用。

Two methods for air disinfection in neurosurgical intensive care unit

Objective To compare the effects of Chinese herbal fumigation and ultraviolet light exposure on air disinfection in neurosurgical intensive care unit. Methods The floors and the tables in the rooms of ICU were all disinfected using 0.02% 84 disinfectant. The air disinfection was performed in the rooms using Chinese herbal （elsholtziae, ramulus cinnamomi, forsythia suspense, flos caryophylli） fumigation as the experiment group and those using ultraviolet light exposure as the control group, both for 30 times. The two disinfection methods were compared before air disinfection, at hours 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 in terms of bacteria tests. Results The air quality on natural bacteria in both groups met the standard of Class 1] Environmental Health Criteria at hour 0, 1 after air disinfection, without significant difference between the two groups at each time point （P 〉 0.05）. In the control group, the bacteria began to grow in number one hour after ultraviolet light exposure and overgrew two hours after air disinfection. In the experiment group, the bacteria grew less, never exceeding the standard level at all time points. The disinfection effect of the experimental group was all significantly better than that of the control group at the time points of 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions Chinese herbal fumigation is superior to the UV light irradiation disinfection. It is safe and harmless even in case of medical staff working in the unit.