产超广谱β-内酰胺酶细菌感染及耐药率的分析

目的提高医务人员对超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）细菌感染的认识,指导临床合理使用抗菌用药。方法对本院2004～2006年间分离出的大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和不动杆菌进行超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）检测,比较每年发生率并对其做药物敏感试验。结果产ESBLs大肠埃希菌每年发生率分别为18.2%、23.5%、27.7%,产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌每年发生率为15.8%、20.3%、26.9%,产ESBLs不动杆菌每年发生率为14.6%、20.1%、28.1%。三种细菌对氨苄西林、哌拉西林及头孢菌素类耐药率约为72～100%。结论产ESBLs菌的发生率与耐药率呈逐年上升趋势,这与临床大量使用三代头孢类抗生素及不合理使用抗菌药物有关,同时ESBLs细菌对一些抗菌药物耐药率也不断提高,应引起临床治疗方面的足够重视。

Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases Producing Bacteria Infection and Drug-resistance Analysis

Objective To investigate the infection by positive ESBLs bacteria and their drug-resistance for improving the knowledge of ESBLs bacteria and proper clinical utilization of antibiotics. Methods ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli,kebsiella pneumoniae and Aeinetobaeter from 2004 to 2006 were detected in order to compare the perannum incidence and the result of drug sensitive tast. Results the per annum incidence of ESBLs-producing E.coli form 2004 to 2006 was 18.2%,23.5% and 27.7%,respectively, The per annum incidence of K.pneumohiae from 2004 to 2006 was 15.8%,20.3% and 26.9%,respectively,The per annum incidence of Acineto-bacter from 2004 to 2006 was 14.6%,20.1% and 28.1%,respectively.The drug resistance rate of the three bacteria to ampicillin, piperacil and the third generation cephalosporins were about 72-100 % Conclusions The increase in the incidence of ESBLs-produeing bacteria is in relation to the mass clinic use of the third generation cephalosporin and the inational use of antibiotice,Simultaneously,we must pay more attention to the clinical therapy of the ESBLs-produeing bacteria that have unceasingly increased in drug resistance rate.