采用EQ-5D量表进行严重急性呼吸道感染住院病例生命质量的探索性研究

目的了解严重急性呼吸道感染住院病例的生命质量变化及其影响因素。方法对住院的严重急性呼吸道感染病例,在入院前后,利用自行设计的问卷和EQ-5D量表进行调查,并采用多因素的多元线性回归方法分析EQ-5D评分的影响因素。结果共纳入81例住院病人,其中流感病例12例,非流感病例69例。入院时的评分低于出院前评分。入院时回答有困难的维度中,疼痛/不舒服最高(73%),其次为日常活动(62%)。出院前所有五个维度回答有困难的比例均下降,其中,疼痛/不舒服降至25%,日常活动降至35%。多因素分析结果提示年龄、入院时的自我评分和地区是可能的影响因素。结论严重急性呼吸道感染住院病例的生命质量受到入院时健康状况的影响。EQ5D量表可作为评价传染病生命质量、评估疾病无形负担的方法之一。

Measuring Quality of Life of Hospitalized Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection by EQ - 5D Instrument: an Exploratory Study

Objective To investigate the quality of life of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection(SARI) and the influencing factors.Methods Information was collected from hospitalized patients with SARI both on admission and on discharge in three SARI sentinel surveillance hospitals located in Hunan,Sichuan and Shandong province by a structured questionnaire and European quality of life(EQ-5D) instrument.Scores from EQ-5D instrument on admission and discharge were compared by multivariate analysis to find possible influencing factors.Respiratory specimens were collected from all SARI cases for laboratory test of influenza virus.Results A total of 81 hospitalized patients with SARI,12 influenza confirmed cases and 69 non-influenza cases,were recruited.The EQ-5D scores of SARI cases,influenza cases and non-influenza cases on admission were 0.588,0.599 and 0.586 respectively,all significantly lower than those on discharge(0.846,0.775 and 0.858).Among five dimension indicators on admission,Pain/Discomfort had the highest percentage of reporting problems(73%) and Usual Activities had the second(62%).The proportion of reporting problems in each dimension indicator significantly decreased on discharge,25% for Pain/Discomfort and 35% for Usual Activities.Multivariate analysis revealed that age,scores on admission and location were possible influencing factors.Conclusions The quality of life of hospitalized patients with SARI is possibly influenced by their health status on admission.EQ-5D instrument can be one of the acceptable,valid and reliable methods for measuring the quality of life of patients with infectious disease and for estimating intangible burden of the disease.