儿童支气管哮喘急性发作治疗方法的临床对比研究

目的 评价3种常用治疗儿童哮喘急性发作治疗方式的临床疗效.方法 将113例哮喘急性发作的患儿随机分为3组.A组53例采用布地奈德雾化悬浊液联合沙丁胺醇和异丙托溴胺混合溶液雾化吸入治疗,每日2次;B组41例采用布地奈德气雾剂联合沙丁胺醇和异丙托溴胺混合气雾剂吸入治疗;C组29例采用静脉地塞米松联合氨茶碱,每日1次,疗程5 d.入选患儿均采用综合治疗如补液、抗生素及抗病毒药物等.结果 布地奈德雾化悬浊液联合沙丁胺醇和异丙托溴胺混合溶液雾化吸入和静脉使用地塞米松联合氨茶碱均能有效控制儿童哮喘急性发作,两组疗效比较差异无显著性(p0.05).相对前两者,布地奈德气雾剂联合沙丁胺醇和异丙托溴胺混合气雾剂吸入不能有效治疗儿童哮喘急性发作.结论 经空气压缩泵雾化吸入是治疗儿童哮喘急性发作的最佳给药途径,布地奈德雾化悬浊液联合沙丁胺醇和异丙托溴胺混合溶液治疗儿童哮喘发作的疗效与静脉使用地塞米松联合氨茶碱相当,依从性好,简便可行.

Efficacy of pulmicort suspension plus salbutamol and ipratropium bromide for management of acute asthma exacerbation in children: a comparative study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 3 commonly used protocols for management of acute exacerbation of asthma in children. METHODS: Totally 113 asthmatic children were randomized into 3 groups. In group A (53 cases), the children were treated with inhalation of nebulized budesonide suspension plus salbutamol and ipratropium bromide twice daily for 5 days; in group B (41 cases), budesonide plus salbutamol and ipratropium aerosol was administered, and in group C (29 cases), dexathmisone plus aminophylline injection was given once daily for 5 days. All the children received basic treatment with fluid infusion, antibiotics or/and anti-virus medications. RESULTS: The children in both groups A and C showed effectively controlled asthma attack, with significant differences in the therapeutic effects (P>0.05). In contrast, only a few children showed improvement in group B, suggesting the ineffectiveness of the treatment. CONCLUSION: Nebulized medicine is one of the best means for management of acute asthma exacerbation in children, and inhalation of budesonide suspension plus salbutamol and ipratropium bromide can effectively relieve the asthmatic symptoms in these children with good compliance and convenient administration.