汉族均角成年人群下颌体形态的测量分析

目的 采用锥形束CT(CBCT)分析汉族均角成年人群下颌体的高度、宽度及皮质骨厚度，确定其形态结构特点。方法 选取在山东大学口腔医院正畸科就诊的成年汉族患者108例，均行CBCT扫描，测量其下颌体截面高度、宽度及皮质骨厚度。结果 ①高度从远中至中线逐渐增加，中线处最大值35.20mm；②上1/3宽度从中线至远中渐增，下1/3从磨牙区至切牙段减小，而下颌联合处增加至14.03mm；③颊侧皮质骨上1/3厚度从中线至远中渐增，但波动范围较大；其下1/3从磨牙区至侧切牙段减小，而在下颌联合处皮质骨厚度增加；④皮质骨于基底部最厚，从中线至尖牙段增加，尖牙段至远中减小；⑤舌侧皮质骨下1/3厚度从远中至中线增加，其上1/3从远中至第一前磨牙段渐增，第一前磨牙段至中线递减。结论 汉族均角成年人群下颌体高度、宽度及皮质骨厚度呈现一定的变化规律，为口腔正畸治疗和外科操作提供理论依据。

Anthropometric analysis of the morphology of mandibular body in adults of Han nationality with average skeletal pattern

Objective To investigate the height, width and cortical thickness of mandibular body of Han adults with average facial-skeletal pattern by cone beam CT (CBCT), and to determine the morphologic characteristics. Methods A total of 108 adult patients from the Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology in Shandong University were enrolled in the research. All patients were examined with CBCT scan to measure the height, width and thickness of cortex of the cross-sections of mandibular body. Results The height increased gradually from the posterior segments to the symphysis, with a maximum of 35.20mm. The upper one third width increased from the symphysis to the posterior segments; the lower one third width decreased from the premolar segments to lateral incisors, and increased in the symphysis. In the buccal side, the cortical thickness of upper one third increased from the symphysis to the posterior segments, but the range of change was wide; the lower one third decreased from molar segments to lateral incisors and then increased in the symphysis. The cortex was the thickest in mandibular margin; the thickness increased from the symphysis to canine teeth segments and became thinner from canine teeth segments to posterior segments. In the lingual side, the thickness of cortical bone of lower one third increased from the molars segments to the symphysis; the upper one third increased gradually from the molar regions to the premolar segments and then decreased in the symphysis. Conclusion Some morphological regularities are showed in the mandibular body in Han adults with average skeletal pattern, which can provide clinical reference for orthodontic treatment and surgical operations.