上颌窦相关解剖结构的锥形束CT影像学特征

背景：为了避免相关并发症的发生以及方便手术方式的选择,上颌窦提升术前准确了解上颌窦区域的解剖结构特点显得尤为重要。 目的：通过牙科锥形束CT影像研究上颌窦区的解剖结构特点,为上颌窦提升种植手术提供参考。 方法：选取符合标准的249例成年人的锥形束CT影像资料,在选择的层面上测量左侧上颌窦内壁的近远心距离和上颌窦的宽度,并对上颌窦内分嵴的情况和上颌窦壁血管的走行特点进行初步观察和分析。 结果与结论：上颌窦内壁的近远心距离的总平均值为(32.0±3.81) mm,上颌窦的宽度总平均值为(21.70±5.16) mm。不同性别、年龄段上颌窦内壁的近远心距离和上颌窦的宽度差别无显著性意义(P > 0.05),上颌窦内分嵴的发生率为33%(78/249);锥形束CT能清晰准确的显示出上颌窦壁血管的分布和走行特点。说明牙科锥形束CT能够全面并准确反映上颌窦的解剖结构,对决定上颌窦提升术的适应证和手术方式以及避免或降低手术并发症的发生率具有重要意义。

Anatomical structure of human maxillary sinus: Cone-beam CT analysis

BACKGROUND:In order to avoid related complications and to facilitate the choice of surgical approaches, it is particularly important to understand the anatomic characteristics of the maxillary sinus before maxillary sinus augmentation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anatomic characteristics of human maxillary sinus based on cone-beam CT imaging for providing some reference related to sinus floor elevation and implant insertion.   METHODS:Cone-beam CT imaging data from 249 adults were selected and analyzed. The length (internal wall) and width of the maxillary sinus were measured, and the incidence of maxillary sinus septa and the characteristics of the maxillary sinus vessels were investigated and analyzed preliminarily. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mean length (internal wall) and width of maxillary sinus were (32.0±3.81) and (21.70±5.16) mm, respectively. No significant differences were noted in the length and width of maxillary sinus based on sex or age (P > 0.05). The incidence of maxillary sinus septa was 33% (78/249). Moreover, the distribution and characteristics of the maxillary sinus vessels could be seen clearly and accurately on cone-beam CT three-dimensional images. These findings indicate that cone-beam CT images can show anatomical structures of the maxillary sinus fully and accurately, and the use of cone-beam CT is advantageous and mandatory to determine surgical indications and approaches, and avoid or reduce the incidence of surgical complications of maxillary sinus floor elevation.